Wu Jiang, Gao Yang, Wang Jinyao, Guo Aihua, Qin Nannan, Xing Guoming, Li Sen
College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taiyuan, China.
Department of Life Science, Lyuliang University, Lüliang, China.
Front Genet. 2024 Jul 26;15:1433548. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1433548. eCollection 2024.
Members of the genus have significant value as ornamental, edible, and medicinal plants, particularly in China, where they have been utilized for thousands of years as both a vegetable and Traditional Chinese Medicine. species exhibit strict control over flowering time, with individuals flowering either diurnally or nocturnally. However, our understanding of the evolutionary history of this genus, especially concerning important horticultural traits, remains limited. In this study, sequencing and assembly efforts were conducted on 73 samples within the genus. All accessions were classified into two distinct groups based on their diurnal (daylilies) or nocturnal (nightlilies) flowering habits. Comparative analysis of the chloroplast genomes from these two groups identified fifteen variant hotspot regions, including fourteen SNPs and one deletion, which hold promise for the development of molecular markers for interspecific identification. Phylogenetic trees, generated through both maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference methods using 76 shared protein-coding sequences, revealed that diurnal flowering evolved prior to nocturnal flowering. The divergence between the two groups is estimated to have occurred approximately 0.82 MYA (95% CI: 0.35-1.45 MYA). The ancestral state of is hypothesized to have featured diurnal flowering with orange yellow petals. This study marks the first reconstruction of the evolutionary history and ancestral state of the genus . The findings contribute significantly to our understanding of the adaptation and speciation history within the genus.
该属的成员作为观赏、食用和药用植物具有重要价值，在中国尤其如此，数千年来它们一直被用作蔬菜和中药材。该属物种对开花时间有严格控制，个体要么在白天开花，要么在夜间开花。然而，我们对该属进化历史的了解，尤其是关于重要园艺性状的了解仍然有限。在本研究中，对该属内的73个样本进行了测序和组装工作。所有样本根据其白天（黄花菜）或夜间（夜百合）开花习性被分为两个不同的组。对这两组叶绿体基因组的比较分析确定了15个变异热点区域，包括14个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和1个缺失，这为开发种间鉴定的分子标记提供了希望。通过使用76个共享蛋白质编码序列的最大似然法和贝叶斯推断法生成的系统发育树表明，白天开花先于夜间开花进化。两组之间的分歧估计发生在大约0.82百万年前（95%置信区间：0.35 - 1.45百万年前）。推测该属的祖先状态具有橙色黄色花瓣的白天开花特征。这项研究标志着首次重建该属的进化历史和祖先状态。这些发现对我们理解该属内的适应和物种形成历史有重大贡献。
