Guzzetti Jacob R, Marando Isabella, Matthews Raymond W, Owen Mikaela S, Yates Crystal, Banks Siobhan
Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Wayville, SA, Australia.
Sleep Adv. 2024 Jul 5;5(1):zpae044. doi: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae044. eCollection 2024.
Maritime industries utilize many different watch keeping schedules to maintain vigilance and crew safety around the clock. These schedules can be fatiguing, negatively impacting vigilant attention. This has led to the consideration of schedules that might allow for more sleep time, but how these schedules impact higher order cognitive function remains unclear. These schedules require assessment with tasks that are relevant to real-world operations on maritime vessels. This study investigated the effect of four schedules on higher order cognitive function. = 27 (16 female) participants were recruited to a 10-day laboratory study, comparing four schedules. The schedules investigated were eight-on/eight-off/four-on/four-off (8/8/4/4) with sleep from 09:30 to 16:00 (condition A); six-on/six-off (6/6) with sleep from 08:30 to 12:30 and 21:30 to 00:00 (condition B); four-on/four-off (4/4/4/4/4/4) with sleep from 18:00 to 00:30 (condition C); and four-on/four-off (4/4/4/4/4/4) with sleep from 01:30 to 08:00 (condition D). Higher order cognitive function was assessed 2-3× daily whilst "on watch" using tests of visual scanning, learning, working memory, mental flexibility, and visuomotor control. Conditions were ranked and stability of performance on watch was compared between conditions using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Cognitive function within condition B was ranked the worst for most of the tasks. However, the stability of higher order cognitive function was poorest across the waking day within condition A. These findings highlight the variability in cognitive capacities during different watch keeping schedules.
海事行业采用多种不同的值班时间表，以全天候保持警惕并确保船员安全。这些时间表可能会让人疲劳，对警惕性注意力产生负面影响。这导致人们考虑那些可能允许更多睡眠时间的时间表，但这些时间表如何影响高阶认知功能仍不清楚。这些时间表需要通过与海上船舶实际操作相关的任务来进行评估。本研究调查了四种时间表对高阶认知功能的影响。招募了27名（16名女性）参与者参加一项为期10天的实验室研究，比较四种时间表。所研究的时间表分别是：8天上班/8天休息/4天上班/4天休息（8/8/4/4），睡眠时间为09:30至16:00（A组）；6天上班/6天休息（6/6），睡眠时间为08:30至12:30以及21:30至00:00（B组）；4天上班/4天休息（4/4/4/4/4/4），睡眠时间为18:00至00:30（C组）；以及4天上班/4天休息（4/4/4/4/4/4），睡眠时间为01:30至08:00（D组）。在“值班”期间，每天使用视觉扫描、学习、工作记忆、心理灵活性和视觉运动控制测试对高阶认知功能进行2至3次评估。对各条件进行排名，并使用克鲁斯卡尔 - 沃利斯检验比较各条件下值班表现的稳定性。在大多数任务中，B组的认知功能排名最差。然而，A组在整个清醒日期间高阶认知功能的稳定性最差。这些发现凸显了不同值班时间表期间认知能力的变异性。
