Scaltriti Erika, Iyad Karaman, Boniotti Maria Beatrice, Menozzi Ilaria, Bolzoni Luca, Ippolito Dorotea, Ciarello Flavia Pruiti, Loda Daniela, D'Incau Mario, Zanoni Mariagrazia, Presti Vincenzo Di Marco Lo, Mazzone Piera, Gavaudan Stefano, Pacciarini Maria Lodovica
Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Lombardia e Dell'Emilia-Romagna (IZSLER), Parma, Italy.
National Reference Centre for Bovine Tuberculosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna - IZSLER, Brescia, Italy.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Jul 26;15:1416605. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1416605. eCollection 2024.
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily caused by . The infection affects domestic animals and wildlife, posing a zoonotic risk to humans. To understand the dynamics of transmission and genetic diversity in Italy's population, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis on two prevalent genotypes, belonging to Spoligotype SB0120, identified in different geographical and temporal contexts. By comparing these genomes with international isolates, we identified a distinct clade within the lineage La1.2, encompassing the Italian SB0120 isolates, indicating a genomic segregation of Italian from other European isolates. Within Italy, a significant level of genetic variability emerged across regions, while isolates within epidemiologically linked outbreaks exhibited minimal genetic diversity. Additionally, isolates derived from cattle and wild boars within a tuberculosis hotspot in Central Italy and from cattle and black pigs in Sicily formed unified clonal clusters. This indicates the presence of persistent strains circulating in the examined regions. The genetic diversity within herds was limited, as specific clones endured over time within certain herds. This research enhances our comprehension of the epidemiology and transmission patterns of bTB in Italy, thereby aiding the development of precise control strategies and disease management. Using WGS and implementing standardized protocols and databases will be pivotal in combating bTB and promoting One-Health approaches to address this noteworthy public health concern.
牛结核病（bTB）是一种主要由……引起的慢性炎症性疾病。该感染影响家畜和野生动物，对人类构成人畜共患病风险。为了解意大利……种群的传播动态和遗传多样性，我们对在不同地理和时间背景下鉴定出的属于Spoligotype SB0120的两种流行基因型进行了全基因组测序（WGS）分析。通过将这些基因组与国际……分离株进行比较，我们在谱系La1.2中鉴定出一个独特的分支，其中包括意大利SB0120分离株，这表明意大利……与其他欧洲分离株在基因组上存在隔离。在意大利境内，不同地区出现了显著水平的遗传变异性，而在流行病学上相关的疫情爆发中的分离株表现出最小的遗传多样性。此外，来自意大利中部一个结核病热点地区的牛和野猪以及西西里岛的牛和黑猪的分离株形成了统一的克隆簇。这表明在所检查的地区存在持续传播的菌株。畜群内部的遗传多样性有限，因为特定的克隆在某些畜群中随时间持续存在。这项研究增强了我们对意大利牛结核病流行病学和传播模式的理解，从而有助于制定精确的控制策略和疾病管理措施。使用全基因组测序并实施标准化方案和数据库对于抗击牛结核病以及推广“同一健康”方法来解决这一值得关注的公共卫生问题至关重要。
