Perroni Fabrizio, Amatori Stefano, Corsi Lorenzo, Bensi Roberto, Guidetti Laura, Baldari Carlo, Rocchi Marco B L, Castagna Carlo, Gobbi Erica, Sisti Davide, Buzzachera Cosme Franklim
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
"Museum of Football F.I.G.C." Foundation, Italian Football Federation, Rome, Italy.
J Hum Kinet. 2024 May 17;93:119-131. doi: 10.5114/jhk/184276. eCollection 2024 Jul.
The influence of biological maturity status on talent identification and development in youth soccer has been debated extensively. Alternative methods have thus recently emerged to estimate maturity status, such as the Pubertal Development Scale (PDS), but their relationship with physical capabilities of young soccer players still needs to be determined. The present study investigated the relationships of different PDS-derived pubertal status measures, chronological age, and relative age with selected performance variables in youth soccer. Sixty-one male soccer players were assessed for physical capabilities using field tests for sprinting, vertical jumps (countermovement jump, CMJ), intermittent high-intensity endurance, and repeated sprint ability. Chronological age was defined as the number of days since birth, and relative age was defined in terms of age quarters. PDS-derived measures of puberal status, otherwise, were determined as an average PDS score, a PDS category score, and a pubertal category. Chronological age, relative age, and measures of pubertal status were scarcely related (p > 0.05) to selected measures of soccer performance. Significant correlations were only found between different measures of pubertal status and the variable "work" in the CMJ test (range r = 0.33-0.36; p < 0.01) and between chronological age and CMJ height (r = -0.297; p = 0.02). The present results suggest that physical performance of young soccer players is poorly related to chronological age, relative age, and pubertal status. Potential effects of biological maturity status on physical capabilities may not be easily identifiable in a group of young soccer players narrowed in terms of chronological age and training status.
生物成熟状态对青少年足球人才识别与发展的影响一直存在广泛争议。因此，最近出现了一些替代方法来评估成熟状态，如青春期发育量表（PDS），但其与青少年足球运动员体能的关系仍有待确定。本研究调查了不同PDS衍生的青春期状态测量指标、实足年龄和相对年龄与青少年足球运动员选定表现变量之间的关系。对61名男性足球运动员进行了体能评估，采用了短跑、垂直跳跃（反向移动跳跃，CMJ）、间歇性高强度耐力和重复冲刺能力的场地测试。实足年龄定义为自出生以来的天数，相对年龄则根据年龄季度来定义。否则，PDS衍生的青春期状态测量指标被确定为平均PDS分数、PDS类别分数和青春期类别。实足年龄、相对年龄和青春期状态测量指标与选定的足球表现测量指标几乎没有相关性（p>0.05）。仅在不同的青春期状态测量指标与CMJ测试中的“做功”变量之间发现了显著相关性（范围r = 0.33 - 0.36；p < 0.01），以及在实足年龄与CMJ高度之间发现了显著相关性（r = -0.297；p = 0.02）。目前的结果表明，青少年足球运动员的体能表现与实足年龄、相对年龄和青春期状态的相关性较差。在一组实足年龄和训练状态受限的青少年足球运动员中，生物成熟状态对体能的潜在影响可能不容易识别。
