Faculty of Medicine, University Department of Nephrology, University of Medicine Tirana, Tirana, Albania.
Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Expert Rev Proteomics. 2024 Jul-Aug;21(7-8):297-316. doi: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2389829. Epub 2024 Aug 12.
Kidney transplantation significantly improves the lives of those with end-stage kidney disease, offering best alternative to dialysis. However, transplant success is threatened by the acute and chronic rejection mechanisms due to complex immune responses against the new organ.
The ongoing research into biomarkers holds promise for revolutionizing the early detection and monitoring of the graft health. Liquid biopsy techniques offer a new avenue, with several diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic biomarkers showing promise in detecting and monitoring kidney diseases and an early and chronic allograft rejection.
Evaluating the protein composition related to kidney transplant results could lead to identifying biomarkers that provide insights into the graft functionality. Non-invasive proteomic biomarkers can drastically enhance clinical outcomes and change the way how kidney transplants are evaluated for patients and physicians if they succeed in this transition. Hence, the advancement in proteomic technologies, leads toward a significant improvement in understanding of the protein markers and molecular mechanisms linked to the outcomes of kidney transplants. However, the road from discovery to the use of such proteins in clinical practice is long, with a need for continuous validation and beyond the singular research team with comprehensive infrastructure and across research groups collaboration.
肾移植显著改善了终末期肾病患者的生活，为透析提供了最佳替代方案。然而，由于针对新器官的复杂免疫反应，急性和慢性排斥机制威胁着移植的成功。
对生物标志物的持续研究有望彻底改变对移植物健康的早期检测和监测。液体活检技术提供了一个新途径，一些诊断、预测和预后生物标志物在检测和监测肾脏疾病以及早期和慢性同种异体移植排斥方面显示出了希望。
评估与肾移植结果相关的蛋白质组成可能有助于确定提供有关移植物功能见解的生物标志物。如果在这一转变中成功，非侵入性蛋白质组学生物标志物可以极大地提高临床结果，并改变医生和患者评估肾移植的方式。因此，蛋白质组学技术的进步，有助于深入了解与肾移植结果相关的蛋白质标记物和分子机制。然而，从发现到在临床实践中使用这些蛋白质的道路还很漫长，需要不断验证，需要有全面的基础设施和跨越研究小组的合作，而不仅仅是单一的研究团队。
