Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 12;19(8):e0307196. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307196. eCollection 2024.
The treponemes infecting lagomorphs include Treponema paraluisleporidarum ecovar Cuniculus (TPeC) and ecovar Lepus (TPeL), infecting rabbits and hares, respectively. In this study, we described the first complete genome sequence of TPeL, isolate V3603-13, from an infected mountain hare (Lepus timidus) in Sweden. In addition, we determined 99.0% of the genome sequence of isolate V246-08 (also from an infected mountain hare, Sweden) and 31.7% of the genome sequence of isolate Z27 A77/78 (from a European hare, Lepus europeaus, The Netherlands). The TPeL V3603-13 genome had considerable gene synteny with the TPeC Cuniculi A genome and with the human pathogen T. pallidum, which causes syphilis (ssp. pallidum, TPA), yaws (ssp. pertenue, TPE) and endemic syphilis (ssp. endemicum, TEN). Compared to the TPeC Cuniculi A genome, TPeL V3603-13 contained four insertions and 11 deletions longer than three nucleotides (ranging between 6 and2,932 nts). In addition, there were 25 additional indels, from one to three nucleotides long, altogether spanning 36 nts. The number of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) between TPeC Cuniculi A and TPeL V3603-13 were represented by 309 nucleotide differences. Major proteome coding differences between TPeL and TPeC were found in the tpr gene family, and (predicted) genes coding for outer membrane proteins, suggesting that these components are essential for host adaptation in lagomorph syphilis. The phylogeny revealed that the TPeL sample from the European brown hare was more distantly related to TPeC Cuniculi A than V3603-13 and V246-08.
感染兔类的密螺旋体包括Treponema paraluisleporidarum ecovar Cuniculus（TPeC）和 ecovar Lepus（TPeL），分别感染兔子和野兔。在本研究中，我们描述了来自瑞典感染高山野兔（Lepus timidus）的 TPeL 分离株 V3603-13 的首个完整基因组序列。此外，我们还确定了来自瑞典感染高山野兔的分离株 V246-08（也是来自感染高山野兔的分离株）的 99.0%基因组序列和来自欧洲野兔（Lepus europeaus，荷兰）的分离株 Z27 A77/78 的 31.7%基因组序列。TPeL V3603-13 基因组与 TPeC Cuniculi A 基因组和引起梅毒（ssp. pallidum，TPA）、雅司病（ssp. pertenue，TPE）和地方性梅毒（ssp. endemicum，TEN）的人类病原体苍白密螺旋体（Treponema pallidum）具有相当大的基因同线性。与 TPeC Cuniculi A 基因组相比，TPeL V3603-13 基因组包含四个插入和 11 个长度超过三个核苷酸（范围在 6 到 2932 nts 之间）的缺失。此外，还有 25 个额外的插入缺失，长度为一个到三个核苷酸，总共跨越 36 nts。TPeC Cuniculi A 和 TPeL V3603-13 之间的单核苷酸变异（SNVs）数量由 309 个核苷酸差异表示。TPeL 和 TPeC 之间主要的蛋白质编码差异存在于 tpr 基因家族中，以及（预测）编码外膜蛋白的基因，这表明这些成分对于兔类梅毒的宿主适应至关重要。系统发育分析表明，来自欧洲棕野兔的 TPeL 样本与 TPeC Cuniculi A 比 V3603-13 和 V246-08 更为疏远。
