酿酒酵母中减数分裂所必需的紧密着丝粒连锁基因的特性分析。

Characterization of a tightly centromere-linked gene essential for meiosis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

作者信息

Yeh E, Bloom K

出版信息

Basic Life Sci. 1985;36:231-42. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2127-9_15.

Abstract

The centromere region in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is characterized by short DNA fragments, less than 1,000 bp in length, that are capable of stabilizing entire chromosomes throughout mitotic and meiotic cell divisions. The CEN fragments are organized in a unique chromatin structure and are surrounded by ordered arrays of nucleosomal subunits. RNA transcripts are found 200-300 bp from the centromere, and lie within this ordered chromatin array. No transcripts have been detected through the centromere itself. We have examined the expression and cellular function of a tightly centromere-linked transcript on chromosome 11, (CEN11)L. The (CEN11)L transcript is present at constitutive levels throughout the mitotic and meiotic cell cycles. Disruption of the coding sequences in vivo has no effect on cell viability or mitotic growth, but the cells are unable to sporulate. Genetic complementation with known mutants in sporulation (spo10, spo13) has defined (CEN11)L as a new locus that appears to be required during both meiotic segregation divisions.

摘要

酿酒酵母中的着丝粒区域由长度小于1000 bp的短DNA片段所表征，这些片段能够在有丝分裂和减数分裂细胞分裂过程中稳定整条染色体。CEN片段以独特的染色质结构组织，并被核小体亚基的有序阵列所包围。在距离着丝粒200 - 300 bp处发现了RNA转录本，且位于这种有序的染色质阵列内。在着丝粒本身未检测到转录本。我们研究了11号染色体上一个与着丝粒紧密相连的转录本（CEN11）L的表达和细胞功能。（CEN11）L转录本在有丝分裂和减数分裂细胞周期中均以组成型水平存在。体内编码序列的破坏对细胞活力或有丝分裂生长没有影响，但细胞无法形成孢子。与已知的孢子形成突变体（spo10、spo13）进行遗传互补分析，已将（CEN11）L定义为一个新的基因座，它似乎在减数分裂分离分裂过程中都是必需的。