Department of Organ Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550000, China.
Hepatological surgery department, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550000, China.
BMC Nephrol. 2024 Aug 12;25(1):258. doi: 10.1186/s12882-024-03695-8.
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), a clinicopathological condition characterized by nephrotic-range proteinuria, has a high risk of progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Meanwhile, the recurrence of FSGS after renal transplantation is one of the main causes of graft loss. The diagnosis of recurrent FSGS is mainly based on renal puncture biopsy transplants, an approach not widely consented by patients with early mild disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find definitive diagnostic markers that can act as a target for early diagnosis and intervention in the treatment of patients. In this review, we summarize the domestic and international studies on the pathophysiology, pathogenesis and earliest screening methods of FSGS and describe the functions and roles of specific circulating factors in the progression of early FSGS, in order to provide a new theoretical basis for early diagnosis of FSGS recurrence, as well as aid the exploration of therapeutic targets.
局灶节段性肾小球硬化症（FSGS）是一种以肾病范围蛋白尿为特征的临床病理状况，其进展为终末期肾病（ESRD）的风险较高。同时，FSGS 在肾移植后的复发是移植物丢失的主要原因之一。FSGS 复发的诊断主要基于肾穿刺活检移植，这种方法在早期轻度疾病患者中并不被广泛认可。因此，迫切需要寻找明确的诊断标志物，作为早期诊断和干预治疗患者的靶点。在这篇综述中，我们总结了国内外关于 FSGS 的病理生理学、发病机制和最早筛查方法的研究，并描述了特定循环因子在早期 FSGS 进展中的作用，以期为 FSGS 复发的早期诊断提供新的理论基础，并为治疗靶点的探索提供帮助。
