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指称性交流中对小的、临界基数和颜色的过度指定：视觉语境、修饰语位置和一致性的作用。

Over-specification of small, borderline cardinalities and color in referential communication: the role of visual context, modifier position, and consistency.

作者信息

Zevakhina Natalia A, Dongarova Kseniya N, Shubina Daria, Popova Daria P

机构信息

HSE University, Moscow, Russia.

出版信息

Front Psychol. 2024 Jul 29;15:1417047. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1417047. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1417047
PMID:39135864
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11318171/
Abstract

This paper reports on two flash-mode experiments that test redundant descriptions of small (2-4) cardinalities, borderline (5-8) cardinalities, and color in referential communication. It provides further support for the idea that small cardinalities are more salient (due to subitizing), less sensitive to visual context, and therefore give rise to higher over-specification rates than color. Because of greater salience, Russian speakers more often use prenominal positions for numerals than for color adjectives. The paper also investigates borderline cardinalities and argues for the order factor that affects their salience, since ordered items can be perceived in small subitized parts. The ordered mode of presentation of the borderline cardinalities leads to higher over-specification rates and to higher percentages of prenominal positions than the unordered one. The paper provides further evidence for the consistency of small, borderline cardinalities, and color in people's choices to minimally specify or over-specify given objects in referential communication.

摘要

本文报告了两项快速模式实验，这些实验测试了在指称性交流中对小基数（2 - 4）、临界基数（5 - 8）和颜色的冗余描述。它进一步支持了这样一种观点，即小基数更显著（由于即时计数），对视觉上下文不太敏感，因此与颜色相比会产生更高的过度描述率。由于更显著，说俄语的人在名词前位置使用数字的频率高于使用颜色形容词的频率。本文还研究了临界基数，并论证了影响其显著性的顺序因素，因为有序的项目可以在小的即时计数部分中被感知。与无序呈现相比，临界基数的有序呈现方式会导致更高的过度描述率和更高的名词前位置百分比。本文为人们在指称性交流中对给定对象进行最小化指定或过度指定的选择中小基数、临界基数和颜色的一致性提供了进一步的证据。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/cf92f44f4d0b/fpsyg-15-1417047-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/e832ce56134b/fpsyg-15-1417047-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/b28d1da51d9f/fpsyg-15-1417047-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/9d41ce7ea281/fpsyg-15-1417047-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/35706362c2ad/fpsyg-15-1417047-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/09752c90c9fd/fpsyg-15-1417047-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/09cf4bb9a86d/fpsyg-15-1417047-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/b8b69b2c83c8/fpsyg-15-1417047-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/236122b46a2f/fpsyg-15-1417047-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/559559fdeb4e/fpsyg-15-1417047-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/2d58ee87edc1/fpsyg-15-1417047-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/b3b7c2eb75b4/fpsyg-15-1417047-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/110e2249a8d4/fpsyg-15-1417047-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/cf92f44f4d0b/fpsyg-15-1417047-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/e832ce56134b/fpsyg-15-1417047-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/b28d1da51d9f/fpsyg-15-1417047-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/9d41ce7ea281/fpsyg-15-1417047-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/35706362c2ad/fpsyg-15-1417047-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/09752c90c9fd/fpsyg-15-1417047-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/09cf4bb9a86d/fpsyg-15-1417047-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/b8b69b2c83c8/fpsyg-15-1417047-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/236122b46a2f/fpsyg-15-1417047-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/559559fdeb4e/fpsyg-15-1417047-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/2d58ee87edc1/fpsyg-15-1417047-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/b3b7c2eb75b4/fpsyg-15-1417047-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/110e2249a8d4/fpsyg-15-1417047-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bfd3/11318171/cf92f44f4d0b/fpsyg-15-1417047-g013.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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The social basis of referential communication: Speakers construct physical reference based on listeners' expected visual search.指称性交流的社会基础：说话者基于听众预期的视觉搜索构建物理指称。
Psychol Rev. 2022 Nov;129(6):1394-1413. doi: 10.1037/rev0000345. Epub 2021 Dec 30.
2
Over-Specification of Small Cardinalities in Referential Communication.
Front Psychol. 2021 Nov 29;12:745230. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.745230. eCollection 2021.
3
Contrast perception as a visual heuristic in the formulation of referential expressions.对比感知作为一种在指称表达式构成中的视觉启发式方法。
Cognition. 2021 Dec;217:104879. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104879. Epub 2021 Aug 19.
4
Word Order Predicts Cross-Linguistic Differences in the Production of Redundant Color and Number Modifiers.词序预测冗余颜色和数量修饰语在跨语言产生中的差异。
Cogn Sci. 2021 Jan;45(1):e12934. doi: 10.1111/cogs.12934.
5
Speakers and listeners exploit word order for communicative efficiency: A cross-linguistic investigation.说话者和听话者利用语序提高交际效率：一项跨语言研究。
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2021 Mar;150(3):583-594. doi: 10.1037/xge0000963. Epub 2020 Sep 24.
6
Overinformative Speakers Are Cooperative: Revisiting the Gricean Maxim of Quantity.提供过多信息的说话者是合作的：重新审视格赖斯数量准则。
Cogn Sci. 2019 Nov;43(11):e12797. doi: 10.1111/cogs.12797.
7
How Redundant Are Redundant Color Adjectives? An Efficiency-Based Analysis of Color Overspecification.冗余颜色形容词有多冗余？基于效率的颜色过度指定分析。
Front Psychol. 2016 Feb 19;7:153. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00153. eCollection 2016.
8
Overspecification of color, pattern, and size: salience, absoluteness, and consistency.颜色、图案和尺寸的过度细化：显著性、绝对性和一致性。
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The effect of scene variation on the redundant use of color in definite reference.场景变化对定指中颜色冗余使用的影响。
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Top Cogn Sci. 2012 Apr;4(2):269-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1756-8765.2012.01186.x. Epub 2012 Mar 2.