Tilburg Centre for Cognition and Communication (TiCC), School of Humanities, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Top Cogn Sci. 2012 Apr;4(2):269-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1756-8765.2012.01186.x. Epub 2012 Mar 2.
Psycholinguistic studies often look at the production of referring expressions in interactive settings, but so far few referring expression generation algorithms have been developed that are sensitive to earlier references in an interaction. Rather, such algorithms tend to rely on domain-dependent preferences for both content selection and linguistic realization. We present three experiments showing that humans may opt for dispreferred attributes and dispreferred modifier orderings when these were primed in a preceding interaction (without speakers being consciously aware of this). In addition, we show that speakers are more likely to produce overspecified references, including dispreferred attributes (although minimal descriptions with preferred attributes would suffice), when these were similarly primed.
心理语言学研究通常关注互动环境下指称表达的生成，但到目前为止，很少有生成指称表达的算法能够对互动中的早期指称做出敏感反应。相反，这类算法往往依赖于对内容选择和语言实现的领域相关偏好。我们进行了三项实验，结果表明，在前面的互动中被预先激活（而说话者并未意识到这一点）时，人类可能会选择不偏好的属性和不偏好的修饰词顺序。此外，我们还表明，当这些属性被类似地预先激活时，说话者更有可能生成过度指定的指称，包括不偏好的属性（尽管具有偏好属性的最简描述就足够了）。
