Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Nashville, Tennessee.
J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2024 Sep 1;36(9):512-522. doi: 10.1097/JXX.0000000000001036.
Nurse practitioners (NPs) are critical in delivering primary health care, especially in underserved and rural areas. Transitioning from academic training to practical application poses challenges, highlighting the need for structured post-licensure training (PLT).
To address the knowledge gap regarding the impact of PLT programs on the clinical development, confidence, and care delivery of NPs using an innovative evaluative approach.
Using a mixed-methods approach, this study engaged 19 NP fellows in quantitative and qualitative evaluations. Assessments of clinical skills and feedback were collected using the REDCap platform, focusing on mentorship and the practical application of skills.
Quantitative analysis showed improvements in several domains: patient-centered care (median score increase from 8 to 10, p = .005), knowledge of evidence-based practice (median score from 8 to 9, p = .028), and health systems (median score from 8 to 9, p = .014). Qualitative feedback underscored the benefits of the program's structured support and practical learning experiences while revealing the need for improvements in mentor preparedness.
The PLT program effectively advanced NP proficiency across various domains, particularly in patient-centered care and evidence-based practice. However, it also highlighted a crucial need for focused mentorship in developing leadership skills. The study's limited scope, dependence on self-reported measures, and specific statistical methods constrain the broader applicability of its findings. Future research should aim to validate these results across diverse settings and explore long-term outcomes.
This study provides new perspectives on NP workforce development, emphasizing the importance of structured mentorship and training, especially in medically underserved communities.
护士从业者（NPs）在提供初级医疗保健方面至关重要，特别是在服务不足和农村地区。从学术培训过渡到实际应用会带来挑战，这凸显了需要进行有组织的许可后培训（PLT）。
使用创新的评估方法，解决关于 PLT 计划对 NPs 的临床发展、信心和护理提供的影响的知识差距。
本研究采用混合方法，让 19 名 NP 研究员参与定量和定性评估。使用 REDCap 平台收集关于临床技能的评估和反馈，重点关注指导和技能的实际应用。
定量分析显示，在几个领域有了改进：以患者为中心的护理（从 8 分提高到 10 分，p =.005）、循证实践知识（从 8 分提高到 9 分，p =.028）和卫生系统（从 8 分提高到 9 分，p =.014）。定性反馈强调了该计划结构化支持和实际学习经验的好处，同时也揭示了导师准备方面需要改进的地方。
PLT 计划有效地提高了 NP 在各个领域的熟练程度，特别是在以患者为中心的护理和循证实践方面。然而，它也突出了在发展领导技能方面需要有重点的指导。该研究的有限范围、对自我报告措施的依赖以及特定的统计方法限制了其发现的广泛适用性。未来的研究应该旨在在不同的环境中验证这些结果，并探索长期结果。
这项研究为 NP 劳动力发展提供了新的视角，强调了结构化指导和培训的重要性，特别是在医疗服务不足的社区。
