Yin Tianxiang, Zhang Xiang, Xiong Yan, Li Bohao, Guo Dong, Sha Zhou, Lin Xiaoyuan, Wu Haibo
School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
Medical School, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
Microbiol Res. 2024 Nov;288:127871. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127871. Epub 2024 Aug 8.
The gut microbiota plays a critical role in numerous biochemical processes essential for human health, such as metabolic regulation and immune system modulation. An increasing number of research suggests a strong association between the gut microbiota and carcinogenesis. The diverse metabolites produced by gut microbiota can modulate cellular gene expression, cell cycle dynamics, apoptosis, and immune system functions, thereby exerting a profound influence on cancer development and progression. A healthy gut microbiota promotes substance metabolism, stimulates immune responses, and thereby maintains the long-term homeostasis of the intestinal microenvironment. When the gut microbiota becomes imbalanced and disrupts the homeostasis of the intestinal microenvironment, the risk of various diseases increases. This review aims to elucidate the impact of gut microbial metabolites on cancer initiation and progression, focusing on short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), polyamines (PAs), hydrogen sulfide (HS), secondary bile acids (SBAs), and microbial tryptophan catabolites (MTCs). By detailing the roles and molecular mechanisms of these metabolites in cancer pathogenesis and therapy, this article sheds light on dual effects on the host at different concentrations of metabolites and offers new insights into cancer research.
肠道微生物群在对人类健康至关重要的众多生化过程中发挥着关键作用，如代谢调节和免疫系统调节。越来越多的研究表明肠道微生物群与癌症发生之间存在密切关联。肠道微生物群产生的多种代谢产物可调节细胞基因表达、细胞周期动态、细胞凋亡和免疫系统功能，从而对癌症的发展和进展产生深远影响。健康的肠道微生物群促进物质代谢，刺激免疫反应，从而维持肠道微环境的长期稳态。当肠道微生物群失衡并破坏肠道微环境的稳态时，各种疾病的风险就会增加。本综述旨在阐明肠道微生物代谢产物对癌症发生和进展的影响，重点关注短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）、多胺（PAs）、硫化氢（HS）、次级胆汁酸（SBAs）和微生物色氨酸分解代谢产物（MTCs）。通过详细阐述这些代谢产物在癌症发病机制和治疗中的作用及分子机制，本文揭示了不同浓度代谢产物对宿主的双重影响，并为癌症研究提供了新的见解。
