University Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, Île-de-France, France.
Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, AP-HP, Paris, Île-de-France, France.
Gut. 2021 Jun;70(6):1174-1182. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323071. Epub 2020 Dec 3.
Metabolic disorders represent a growing worldwide health challenge due to their dramatically increasing prevalence. The gut microbiota is a crucial actor that can interact with the host by the production of a diverse reservoir of metabolites, from exogenous dietary substrates or endogenous host compounds. Metabolic disorders are associated with alterations in the composition and function of the gut microbiota. Specific classes of microbiota-derived metabolites, notably bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids, trimethylamine N-oxide, tryptophan and indole derivatives, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. This review aims to define the key classes of microbiota-derived metabolites that are altered in metabolic diseases and their role in pathogenesis. They represent potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis as well as promising targets for the development of novel therapeutic tools for metabolic disorders.
代谢紊乱代表着一个日益严峻的全球性健康挑战，因为它们的发病率正在急剧上升。肠道微生物群是一个关键的因素，它可以通过产生多种多样的代谢产物与宿主相互作用，这些代谢产物来源于外源性饮食底物或内源性宿主化合物。代谢紊乱与肠道微生物群的组成和功能的改变有关。特定类别的微生物衍生代谢产物，特别是胆汁酸、短链脂肪酸、支链氨基酸、三甲胺 N-氧化物、色氨酸和吲哚衍生物，与代谢紊乱的发病机制有关。本综述旨在确定在代谢性疾病中发生改变的关键类别微生物衍生代谢产物及其在发病机制中的作用。它们代表了早期诊断和预后的潜在生物标志物，以及开发代谢性疾病新治疗工具的有前途的靶点。
