Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2024 Aug 13;262(S2):S40-S46. doi: 10.2460/javma.24.05.0356. Print 2024 Dec 1.
To evaluate ocular surface parameters in dogs with normal eyes when exposed to 3 different air quality index (AQI) categories corresponding to levels of normal air pollutants ("good," 0 to 50; "moderate," 51 to 100) and wildfire smoke ("smoke," 101 to 150).
15 privately owned dogs.
A prospective cohort study with dogs living in northern Colorado. Ocular surface parameters (conjunctival chemosis and hyperemia, Schirmer tear test-1, tear film break-up time, fluorescein stain, conjunctival microbiology, etc) were evaluated when the AQI was reported in 1 of the 3 categories (good, moderate, and smoke) for 3 consecutive days. The AQI and air pollutant levels (particulate matter < 2.5 μm in diameter [PM2.5], ozone, etc) were retrieved from the AirNow database.
Due to scheduling conflicts, only 7 dogs were examined during the smoke category. Average AQI in the 3 categories were good, 44.1; moderate, 73.7; and smoke, 103.7. The odds for more severe hyperemia and more severe chemosis for smoke were 5.39 and 7,853.02 times the odds, respectively, when compared to good AQI. Additionally, the odds for more severe chemosis were 34,656.62 times the odds for smoke when compared to moderate AQI. A significant relationship was found between chemosis and PM2.5.
Exposure to increased AQI related to wildfire smoke caused a significant increase in conjunctivitis. The significant relationship between chemosis and PM2.5 could indicate that PM2.5 in wildfire smoke is associated with an inflammatory factor.
Preventive measures (eg, use of eyewash, artificial tears, or eye protection) for dogs that are exposed to wildfire smoke should be instituted to decrease the risk of ocular irritation.
评估处于正常空气污染物水平（“良好”，0 至 50；“中度”，51 至 100）和野火烟雾（“烟雾”，101 至 150）3 个不同空气质量指数（AQI）类别下的正常眼睛的犬的眼表参数。
15 只私人拥有的狗。
对科罗拉多州北部的犬进行前瞻性队列研究。当 AQI 报告处于 3 个类别（良好、中度和烟雾）中的 1 个类别（良好、中度和烟雾）持续 3 天时，评估眼表参数（结膜水肿和充血、泪液分泌试验-1、泪膜破裂时间、荧光素染色、结膜微生物学等）。从 AirNow 数据库中检索 AQI 和空气污染物水平（直径<2.5 μm 的颗粒物[PM2.5]、臭氧等）。
由于日程安排冲突，只有 7 只狗在烟雾类别中接受了检查。3 个类别中的平均 AQI 分别为良好、44.1；中度，73.7；烟雾，103.7。与良好 AQI 相比，烟雾时更严重充血和更严重水肿的优势比分别为 5.39 和 7853.02。此外，与中度 AQI 相比，更严重的水肿的优势比为 34656.62。发现水肿与 PM2.5 之间存在显著关系。
暴露于与野火烟雾相关的增加的 AQI 导致结膜炎显著增加。水肿与 PM2.5 之间的显著关系可能表明野火烟雾中的 PM2.5 与炎症因子有关。
应采用预防措施（例如，使用洗眼液、人工泪液或眼部保护）来减少暴露于野火烟雾的犬的眼部刺激风险。
