National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 15;951:175453. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175453. Epub 2024 Aug 11.
In the context of increasing global nitrogen pollution, traditional biological nitrogen removal technologies like nitrification and denitrification are hindered by high energy consumption. Additionally, the deployment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) technology is constrained due to the slow growth rate of Anammox bacteria and there is a bottleneck in nitrogen removal efficiency. To overcome these technical bottlenecks, researchers have discovered a revolutionary nitrogen removal technology that cleverly combines the redox cycling of manganese with nitrification and denitrification reactions. In this new process, manganese dependent anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Mnammox) bacteria can convert NH to N under anaerobic conditions, while nitrate/nitrite dependent manganese oxidation (NDMO) bacteria use NO/NO as electron acceptors to oxidize Mn to Mn. Mn acts as an electron acceptor in Mnammox reaction, thereby realizing the autotrophic nitrogen removal process. This innovative method not only simplifies the steps of biological denitrification, but also significantly reduces the consumption of oxygen and organic carbon, providing a more efficient and environmentally friendly solution to the problem of nitrogen pollution. The article initially provides a concise overview of prevalent nitrogen removal technologies and the application of manganese in these processes, and discusses the role of manganese in biogeochemical cycles, including its discovery, mechanism of action, microbial communities involved, and its impact on these key factors in the process. Subsequently, metabolic principles, benefits, advantages, and environmental considerations of Mnammox coupled with the NDMO process are analyzed in detail. Finally, this article summarizes the shortcomings of current research and looks forward to future research directions. The goal of this article is to provide a valuable reference for researchers to fully understand the application of manganese in nitrogen removal processes.
在全球氮污染不断加剧的背景下，硝化反硝化等传统生物脱氮技术受到高能耗的限制。此外，由于厌氧氨氧化菌（Anammox）生长缓慢，其应用受到限制，并且在脱氮效率方面存在瓶颈。为了克服这些技术瓶颈，研究人员发现了一种革命性的氮去除技术，巧妙地将锰的氧化还原循环与硝化和反硝化反应结合在一起。在这个新工艺中，依赖锰的厌氧氨氧化（Mnammox）菌可以在厌氧条件下将 NH 转化为 N，而硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐依赖的锰氧化（NDMO）菌则利用 NO/NO 作为电子受体将 Mn 氧化为 Mn。Mn 在 Mnammox 反应中充当电子受体，从而实现自养脱氮过程。这种创新方法不仅简化了生物反硝化的步骤，而且还显著减少了氧气和有机碳的消耗，为氮污染问题提供了更高效、更环保的解决方案。本文首先简要概述了现有的氮去除技术以及锰在这些过程中的应用，并讨论了锰在生物地球化学循环中的作用，包括其发现、作用机制、涉及的微生物群落及其对过程中这些关键因素的影响。随后，详细分析了 Mnammox 与 NDMO 过程偶联的代谢原理、优势、好处和环境考虑因素。最后，本文总结了当前研究的不足之处，并展望了未来的研究方向。本文的目的是为研究人员提供有价值的参考，以充分了解锰在氮去除过程中的应用。
