Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, 58 Abrahama, 80-307, Gdansk, Poland.
Research and Development Laboratory, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, 20 Podwale Przedmiejskie, 80-824, Gdansk, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 13;14(1):18802. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-69213-w.
The presence of bacteria from the Dickeya spp. and Pectobacterium spp. in farmlands leads to global crop losses of over $420 million annually. Since 1982, the scientists have started to suspect that the development of disease symptoms in crops might be inhibited by bacteria present in the soil. Here, we characterized in terms of physicochemical properties and the composition of bacterial soil microbiota two fields differing, on the basis of long-term studies, in the occurrence of Dickeya spp.- and Pectobacterium spp.-triggered infections. Majority, i.e. 17 of the investigated physicochemical features of the soils collected from two fields of either low or high potato blackleg and soft rot diseases incidences turned out to be similar, in contrast to the observed 4 deviations in relation to Mg, Mn, organic C and organic substance contents. By performing microbial cultures and molecular diagnostics-based identification, 20 Pectobacterium spp. strains were acquired from the field showing high blackleg and soft rot incidences. In addition, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing followed by bioinformatic analysis revealed differences at various taxonomic levels in the soil bacterial microbiota of the studied fields. We observed that bacteria from the genera Bacillus, Rumeliibacillus, Acidobacterium and Gaiella turned out to be more abundant in the soil samples originating from the field of low comparing to high frequency of pectinolytic bacterial infections. In the herein presented case study, it is shown for the first time that the composition of bacterial soil microbiota varies between two fields differing in the incidences of soft rot and blackleg infections.
土壤中存在的迪基氏菌属和果胶杆菌属细菌会导致全球每年超过 4.2 亿美元的作物损失。自 1982 年以来,科学家们开始怀疑土壤中存在的细菌可能会抑制作物疾病症状的发展。在这里,我们根据理化性质和土壤细菌微生物群落的组成,对两个农田进行了特征描述,这两个农田基于长期研究,在迪基氏菌属和果胶杆菌属引发的感染发生率上存在差异。从两个农田采集的土壤中,有 17 个理化性质特征,在发病率较低或较高的马铃薯黑胫病和软腐病的两个农田中,这些特征是相似的,与 Mg、Mn、有机 C 和有机物质含量的 4 个偏差形成对比。通过进行微生物培养和基于分子诊断的鉴定,从发病率较高的农田中获得了 20 株果胶杆菌属菌株。此外,16S rRNA 基因扩增子测序及生物信息学分析揭示了研究领域土壤细菌微生物群落在不同分类水平上的差异。我们观察到,土壤样本中芽孢杆菌属、鲁米利亚杆菌属、嗜酸杆菌属和盖耶氏菌属的细菌数量在发病率较低的土壤样本中比发病率较高的土壤样本中更为丰富。在本案例研究中,首次表明了土壤细菌微生物群落的组成在软腐病和黑胫病感染发生率不同的两个农田之间存在差异。