Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1665, Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
BMC Pediatr. 2024 Aug 13;24(1):522. doi: 10.1186/s12887-023-04468-2.
Physical activity (PA) is believed to play an important part in many aspects during childhood and adolescence, especially cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic health. However, whether different levels of PA in daily life influence the structure or function of heart in school-aged children remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between PA and cardiovascular parameters in 7-year-old children.
Follow-up data from the Shanghai Prenatal Cohort Study and the Shanghai Birth Cohort was analyzed. Perinatal information including both maternal and offspring datum was recorded. A refined questionnaire was used to evaluate the frequency and duration of children's PA levels. Blood pressure, echocardiography, and anthropometry assessment were conducted during the follow-up of 7-year-old children.
Overall, high PA level was associated with higher left ventricle posterior wall thickness in diastole (LVPWd, β coefficient: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.61), higher left ventricle mass index (LVMI, β = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.48), mitral E/a ratio (β = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.71) and slower heart rate (β = -0.32, 95% CI: -0.57, -0.07), compared to low PA level. Medium PA level was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP, β = -0.18, 95% CI: -0.35, -0.01). In subgroup analysis, increased relative wall thickness (RWT) was found in high PA level boys (β = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.67), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) showed a significant decrease in high PA level girls (β = -0.42, 95% CI: -0.78, -0.06).
This study suggested non-athlete children having higher PA level were associated with thicker left ventricle (LV) walls and better LV diastolic function, as well as slower heart rate and DBP at the age of 7. Furthermore, disparity in the association between PA level with morphological heart patterns and blood pressure existed in different sex category.
体力活动（PA）被认为在儿童和青少年时期的许多方面都起着重要作用，尤其是心肺适应能力和心血管代谢健康。然而，日常生活中不同水平的 PA 是否会影响学龄儿童的心脏结构或功能尚不清楚。我们旨在研究 7 岁儿童的 PA 与心血管参数之间的关联。
分析了来自上海产前队列研究和上海出生队列的随访数据。记录了围产期信息，包括母婴数据。使用改良问卷评估儿童 PA 水平的频率和持续时间。在 7 岁儿童随访期间进行血压、超声心动图和人体测量评估。
总体而言，高水平 PA 与舒张期左心室后壁厚度（LVPWd）增加相关（β系数：0.36，95%CI：0.12，0.61）、左心室质量指数（LVMI）增加（β=0.28，95%CI：0.07，0.48）、二尖瓣 E/a 比值增加（β=0.47，95%CI：0.22，0.71）和心率减慢（β=-0.32，95%CI：-0.57，-0.07），与低水平 PA 相比。中水平 PA 与舒张压（DBP）降低相关（β=-0.18，95%CI：-0.35，-0.01）。在亚组分析中，高水平 PA 的男孩相对室壁厚度（RWT）增加（β=0.36，95%CI：0.05，0.67），高水平 PA 的女孩收缩压（SBP）显著降低（β=-0.42，95%CI：-0.78，-0.06）。
本研究表明，非运动员儿童 PA 水平较高与左心室（LV）壁较厚和 LV 舒张功能较好以及心率较慢和 7 岁时 DBP 相关。此外，PA 水平与不同性别类别中心脏形态和血压之间的关联存在差异。
