Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
BMC Pediatr. 2024 Aug 13;24(1):524. doi: 10.1186/s12887-024-04986-7.
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious problem in the adolescent population worldwide. Childhood trauma and bullying have been identified as risk factors for NSSI. We explored the relationships among Childhood trauma, Bullying victimization and the severity of NSSI behaviours, and test the effect of Bullying victimization in mediating the association between Childhood trauma and the NSSI behaviours.
A total of 123 adolescents were recruited. They were diagnosed with depression or depressive episodes of bipolar disorder and had experienced NSSI in the last year. They were assessed using the Chinese version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-C), the Revised Olweus Bullying Victimization Questionnaire (OBVQ-R), and the Adolescent Self-Harm Questionnaire (ASHQ).
Females presented a significantly greater prevalence of sexual abuse and relationship bullying than boys. Individuals in the younger age group (10-14 years) presented a greater incidence of emotional neglect, verbal bullying, relationship bullying, and total bullying, and their NSSI score was also higher than that of those in the older age group (15-19 years). Only children show a greater prevalence of sexual abuse than nononly children. Single-parent families scored higher on emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect and physical bullying than two-parent families. There was a significant positive correlation between each dimension of childhood trauma and all the dimensions of bullying, between childhood trauma and NSSI, and between bullying and NSSI. Childhood trauma can not only directly affect the severity of NSSI but also indirectly aggravate the severity of NSSI through bullying victimization. The mediating effects of bullying victimization on emotional abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect were 14%, 21%, 20%, 13% and 20%, respectively.
There was a significant positive correlation between childhood trauma and bullying, between childhood trauma and NSSI, and between bullying and NSSI. Childhood trauma can not only directly affect the severity of NSSI but also indirectly aggravate the severity of NSSI through bullying victimization. Bullying victimization played the partial mediating effects between Childhood trauma and NSSI.
非自杀性自伤（NSSI）是全球青少年人群中的一个严重问题。童年创伤和欺凌已被确定为 NSSI 的风险因素。我们探讨了童年创伤、欺凌受害与 NSSI 行为严重程度之间的关系，并检验了欺凌受害在童年创伤与 NSSI 行为之间的关联中起中介作用的效果。
共招募了 123 名青少年。他们被诊断为抑郁症或双相情感障碍抑郁发作，并在过去一年中经历过 NSSI。他们使用中文版童年创伤问卷（CTQ-C）、修订版奥尔维斯欺凌受害问卷（OBVQ-R）和青少年自伤问卷（ASHQ）进行评估。
女性在性虐待和关系欺凌方面的患病率显著高于男性。年龄较小组（10-14 岁）在情绪忽视、言语欺凌、关系欺凌和总欺凌方面的发生率更高，其 NSSI 得分也高于年龄较大组（15-19 岁）。独生子女人群在性虐待方面的患病率高于非独生子女人群。单亲家庭在情绪虐待、情绪忽视、身体忽视和身体欺凌方面的得分高于双亲家庭。童年创伤的各个维度与欺凌的各个维度、童年创伤与 NSSI 之间以及欺凌与 NSSI 之间均呈显著正相关。童年创伤不仅可以直接影响 NSSI 的严重程度，还可以通过欺凌受害间接加重 NSSI 的严重程度。欺凌受害对情绪虐待、身体虐待、情绪忽视和身体忽视的中介效应分别为 14%、21%、20%、13%和 20%。
童年创伤与欺凌、童年创伤与 NSSI 以及欺凌与 NSSI 之间呈显著正相关。童年创伤不仅可以直接影响 NSSI 的严重程度，还可以通过欺凌受害间接加重 NSSI 的严重程度。欺凌受害在童年创伤与 NSSI 之间起到部分中介作用。
