Athinaidou Anna-Maria, Vounatsou Eirini, Pappa Ilianna, Harizopoulou Vikentia C, Sarantaki Antigoni
Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC.
Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, GBR.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 14;16(7):e64508. doi: 10.7759/cureus.64508. eCollection 2024 Jul.
The primary objective of prenatal education programs is to furnish expectant mothers with the necessary knowledge for childbirth and early parenting. Despite the extensive implementation of these programs, the efficacy of these interventions remains unclear. This systematic review endeavored to consolidate the extant evidence pertaining to the effects of prenatal education on birth outcomes and experiences. Fourteen studies, comprising various study designs executed across diverse countries, were incorporated in this review. The outcomes assessed in these studies encompassed fear and anxiety, pain, delivery mode, interventions, postpartum depression, and self-efficacy. Additionally, the risk of bias and study limitations were also summarized. The results manifested that prenatal education was effective in diminishing the fear and anxiety associated with childbirth and enhancing self-efficacy in the majority of the studies. Moreover, several studies found that engaging in prenatal education augmented the preference for unmedicated vaginal birth. However, the effects of prenatal education on postpartum outcomes were less consistent. The primary constraints of the included studies were their minute sample sizes and brief follow-up periods. Nonetheless, the existing evidence proposes that prenatal education is beneficial for first-time mothers in terms of alleviating anxiety and augmenting agency during delivery. Prenatal education can equip pregnant individuals with the necessary knowledge and skills to navigate the perinatal period successfully. Further research is requisite to identify the optimal practices for diverse populations on a global scale.
产前教育项目的主要目标是为准妈妈提供分娩及早期育儿所需的知识。尽管这些项目已广泛实施，但其干预效果仍不明确。本系统综述旨在整合现有证据，以探讨产前教育对分娩结局和体验的影响。本综述纳入了14项研究，这些研究涵盖了不同国家实施的各种研究设计。这些研究评估的结果包括恐惧和焦虑、疼痛、分娩方式、干预措施、产后抑郁和自我效能感。此外，还总结了偏倚风险和研究局限性。结果表明，在大多数研究中，产前教育有效地减少了与分娩相关的恐惧和焦虑，并增强了自我效能感。此外，一些研究发现，参与产前教育增加了对非药物阴道分娩的偏好。然而，产前教育对产后结局的影响不太一致。纳入研究的主要局限性是样本量小和随访期短。尽管如此，现有证据表明，产前教育对初产妇在缓解焦虑和增强分娩时的自主感方面是有益的。产前教育可以为孕妇提供必要的知识和技能，使其成功度过围产期。有必要进行进一步的研究，以确定全球不同人群的最佳做法。
