Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jul 30;12:1381773. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1381773. eCollection 2024.
Gansu Province is situated in the northwest region of China, characterized by diverse and complex topography and a rich diversity of ethnic groups. This study aims to explore the prevalence and risk factors of adolescent suspected scoliosis in Gansu Province through a cross-sectional population study.
From April 2022 to July 2022, a prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Baiyin City, Jinchang City, Lanzhou City, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, and Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province. The screening covered 3,118 middle and high school students across 24 institutions, including middle and high schools. Diagnosis of suspected scoliosis was established through visual inspection, the Adams forward bend test, and measurement of trunk rotation angle. Employing a custom-designed questionnaire, demographic data were collected, and the prevalence of suspected scoliosis was calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to assess factors associated with suspected scoliosis.
A total of 3,044 participants were ultimately included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of suspected scoliosis was 5.68% in Gansu Province. The peak prevalence for boy is at 14 years (6.70%), while for girl, it is at 15 years (8.75%). Lanzhou City exhibits the highest prevalence rates (boy, 9.82%; girl, 10.16). The results of univariate logistic regression analysis presented that BMI (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88-0.96), altitude of habitation (1,600 m-2000 m) (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.34-0.73), altitude of habitation (2000 m-3321 m) (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.40-0.83), family medical history (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.02-2.31), and shoulders of unequal height (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.09-2.03) were significantly correlated with suspected scoliosis. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.95), altitude of habitation (1,600 m-2000 m) (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.23-0.54), altitude of habitation (2000 m-3321 m) (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.24-0.60), family medical history (OR = 1.66, 95% CI:1.08-2.49), and shoulders of unequal height (OR = 1.45, 95% CI:1.06-1.99) were independently associated with suspected scoliosis.
Low BMI, residence at an altitude of 1,600 m-3321 m, family medical history, and shoulders of unequal height were independently associated with an increased prevalence of suspected scoliosis. It is recommended to promptly screen high-risk adolescents for suspected scoliosis, provide effective preventive and intervention measures.
甘肃省位于中国西北部，地形多样复杂，民族众多。本研究旨在通过横断面人群研究探讨甘肃省青少年疑似脊柱侧凸的患病率及相关危险因素。
2022 年 4 月至 7 月，在甘肃省白银市、金昌市、兰州市、临夏回族自治州和甘南藏族自治州进行了前瞻性横断面研究。筛查覆盖了 24 个机构的 3118 名中学和高中生。通过目测、亚当前屈试验和躯干旋转角度测量来诊断疑似脊柱侧凸。使用定制的问卷收集人口统计学数据，并计算疑似脊柱侧凸的患病率。采用单因素和多因素 logistic 回归分析评估与疑似脊柱侧凸相关的因素。
最终纳入 3044 名参与者进行分析。甘肃省疑似脊柱侧凸的总患病率为 5.68%。男性的患病率高峰在 14 岁（6.70%），而女性的患病率高峰在 15 岁（8.75%）。兰州市的患病率最高（男性 9.82%；女性 10.16%）。单因素 logistic 回归分析结果显示，BMI（比值比（OR）=0.92，95%置信区间（CI）：0.88-0.96）、居住地海拔（1600m-2000m）（OR=0.50，95%CI：0.34-0.73）、居住地海拔（2000m-3321m）（OR=0.58，95%CI：0.40-0.83）、家族病史（OR=1.56，95%CI：1.02-2.31）和双肩不等高（OR=1.49，95%CI：1.09-2.03）与疑似脊柱侧凸显著相关。多因素 logistic 回归分析表明，BMI（OR=0.91，95%CI：0.86-0.95）、居住地海拔（1600m-2000m）（OR=0.35，95%CI：0.23-0.54）、居住地海拔（2000m-3321m）（OR=0.39，95%CI：0.24-0.60）、家族病史（OR=1.66，95%CI：1.08-2.49）和双肩不等高（OR=1.45，95%CI：1.06-1.99）与疑似脊柱侧凸独立相关。
低 BMI、海拔 1600m-3321m 地区居住、家族病史和双肩不等高与疑似脊柱侧凸患病率增加独立相关。建议及时对高危青少年进行疑似脊柱侧凸筛查，并提供有效的预防和干预措施。
