Department of Physics, University of Girona, Universitat de Girona, 4, Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain.
Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
Mar Environ Res. 2024 Oct;201:106669. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106669. Epub 2024 Aug 3.
Wetlands produce key ecosystem services to mitigate the impacts of peak flows caused by pluvial or fluvial floods or storm surges. Sediment floods were characterized by a peak flow flowing over a simulated wetland, populated with two natural species. Floods have been drawn as flows of height H, into waters of height h, where H > h. Peak flow along the flume passed through: peak flow adjustment; peak flow; drag-dominated peak flow; and gravity current regimes. For high inundation wetland levels, settling rates of coarse and fine sediment were similar during the peak flow regime. At larger distances, sedimentation decreased monotonically, with higher sedimentation of fine particles. For low inundation levels, the sedimentation rate during the drag-dominated peak flow regime was higher for coarse particles. Vegetation decreased the inundation level needed for enhancing sedimentation. Our study then adds practical knowledge at considering that the synergies between the vegetation and the inundation level may enhance wetland services such as the mitigation of pluvial, fluvial or coastal floodings.
湿地产生关键的生态系统服务，以减轻由暴雨或河流洪水或风暴潮引起的高峰流量的影响。泥沙洪水的特点是模拟湿地的高峰流量，其中有两种自然物种。洪水被描绘成高度为 H 的水流，进入高度为 h 的水域，其中 H > h。水槽中的高峰流量通过以下阶段：高峰流量调整；高峰流量；阻力主导的高峰流量；和重力流。对于高淹没湿地水位，在高峰流量期间粗砂和细砂的沉降率相似。在较大的距离上，沉积物的沉降率单调下降，细颗粒的沉降率更高。对于低淹没水位，在阻力主导的高峰流量期间，粗颗粒的沉降率更高。植被降低了增强沉积所需的淹没水位。因此，我们的研究增加了实际知识，即考虑到植被和淹没水位之间的协同作用可能会增强湿地服务，例如减轻暴雨、河流或沿海洪水的影响。
