Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Korea.
Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Korea.
Nutr Diabetes. 2024 Aug 14;14(1):62. doi: 10.1038/s41387-024-00316-z.
BACKGROUND & AIM: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a heterogeneous disorder that affects the kidney structure and function. This study investigated the effect of the interaction between genetic factors and dietary pattern on kidney dysfunction in Korean adults.
Baseline data were obtained from the Ansan and Ansung Study of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study involving 8230 participants aged 40-69 years. Kidney dysfunction was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 90 mL/minute/1.73 m. Genomic DNAs genotyped on the Affymetrix® Genome-Wide Human SNP array 5.0 were isolated from peripheral blood. A genome-wide association study using a generalized linear model was performed on 1,590,162 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). To select significant SNPs, the threshold criterion was set at P-value < 5 × 10. Linkage disequilibrium clumping was performed based on the R value, and 94 SNPs had a significant effect. Participants were divided into two groups based on their generic risk score (GRS): the low-GR group had GRS > 0, while the high-GR group had GRS ≤ 0.
Three distinct dietary patterns were extracted, namely, the "prudent pattern," "flour-based and animal food pattern," and "white rice pattern," to analyze the effect of dietary pattern on kidney function. In the "flour-based and animal food pattern," higher pattern scores were associated with a higher prevalence of kidney dysfunction in both the low and high GR groups (P for trend < 0.0001 in the low-, high-GR groups of model 1; 0.0050 and 0.0065 in the low-, high-GR groups of model 2, respectively).
The results highlight a significant association between the 'flour-based and animal food pattern' and higher kidney dysfunction prevalence in individuals with both low and high GR. These findings suggest that personalized nutritional interventions based on GR profiles may become the basis for presenting GR-based individual dietary patterns for kidney dysfunction.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一种影响肾脏结构和功能的异质性疾病。本研究旨在探讨遗传因素与饮食模式相互作用对韩国成年人肾功能障碍的影响。
本研究的数据来自韩国基因组与流行病学研究中的安山和安城研究，共纳入 8230 名 40-69 岁的参与者。肾功能障碍定义为估算肾小球滤过率<90ml/min/1.73m。从外周血中提取基因组 DNA，使用 Affymetrix® Genome-Wide Human SNP array 5.0 进行基因分型。使用广义线性模型对 1590162 个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）进行全基因组关联研究。为了选择有意义的 SNP，阈值标准设定为 P 值<5×10。基于 R 值进行连锁不平衡聚类，94 个 SNP 具有显著影响。根据通用风险评分（GRS）将参与者分为两组：低 GRS 组（GRS>0）和高 GRS 组（GRS≤0）。
提取了三种不同的饮食模式，即“谨慎模式”、“面粉和动物食品模式”和“白米模式”，以分析饮食模式对肾功能的影响。在“面粉和动物食品模式”中，较高的模式评分与低和高 GRS 组中肾功能障碍的患病率升高相关（模型 1中低-高 GRS 组的趋势 P<0.0001；模型 2中低-高 GRS 组的趋势 P 分别为 0.0050 和 0.0065）。
这些结果突出表明，“面粉和动物食品模式”与低和高 GRS 个体中更高的肾功能障碍患病率之间存在显著关联。这些发现表明，基于 GRS 特征的个性化营养干预可能成为提出基于 GRS 的个体饮食模式以预防肾功能障碍的基础。
