中国昆明 COVID-19 大流行期间，急性呼吸道感染患儿呼吸道病原体传播的流行病学变化。

Epidemiological changes in respiratory pathogen transmission among children with acute respiratory infections during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kunming, China.

机构信息

Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.

Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Virology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.

出版信息

BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Aug 14;24(1):826. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09733-y.

DOI:10.1186/s12879-024-09733-y

PMID:39143516

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11323578/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Acute respiratory infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. However, studies on the prevalence of respiratory viruses among children with acute respiratory infections in Kunming, China, are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory pathogens among children with acute respiratory infections in Kunming during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

METHODS

Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from 4956 children with acute respiratory infections at Yunnan Provincial First People's Hospital between January 2020 and December 2022, patients with COVID-19 were excluded from the study. Multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect respiratory pathogens.

RESULTS

The frequency of respiratory pathogens among children was significantly lower in 2020 than in 2021 and 2022. The following pathogens had the highest prevalence rates (in descending order) from 2020 to 2022: HRV > RSV > PIV > ADV > MP; HRV > RSV > HADV > PIV > MP and HRV > Mp > HADV > H3N2 > HMPV. The overall frequency of respiratory pathogens exhibited an inverted U-shape with increasing age among the children. Human bocavirus, human parainfluenza virus, and human respiratory syncytial virus were the dominant respiratory viruses in children aged ≤ 3 years, whereas Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the dominant respiratory pathogen in children aged > 3 years. HRV has the highest prevalence and is the main pathogen of mixed infection. The prevalence of the influenza A virus has decreased significantly, whereas HRSV and Mp are found to be seasonal.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings offer an objective evaluation of transmission dynamics and epidemiological shifts in respiratory pathogens during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Kunming, serving as a basis for informed decision-making, prevention, and treatment strategies.

摘要

背景

急性呼吸道感染是儿童发病率和死亡率的主要原因。然而，在中国昆明，关于急性呼吸道感染儿童呼吸道病毒流行情况的研究尚缺乏。因此，我们旨在调查 2019 冠状病毒病大流行期间昆明急性呼吸道感染儿童呼吸道病原体的流行病学特征。

方法

收集云南省第一人民医院 2020 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月期间 4956 例急性呼吸道感染患儿的鼻咽拭子样本，排除新冠病毒感染患者。采用多重逆转录聚合酶链反应检测呼吸道病原体。

结果

2020 年儿童呼吸道病原体的检出率明显低于 2021 年和 2022 年。2020 年至 2022 年，以下病原体的检出率最高（降序排列）：HRV＞RSV＞PIV＞ADV＞MP；HRV＞RSV＞HADV＞PIV＞MP 和 HRV＞MP＞HADV＞H3N2＞HMPV。儿童呼吸道病原体的总检出率随年龄增加呈倒 U 型分布。人博卡病毒、人副流感病毒和人呼吸道合胞病毒是≤3 岁儿童的主要呼吸道病毒，而肺炎支原体是>3 岁儿童的主要呼吸道病原体。HRV 的检出率最高，是混合感染的主要病原体。甲型流感病毒的流行率显著下降，而 RSV 和 Mp 呈季节性流行。