Mirzajani Fateme, Rezadoost Hassan, Zerang Reza, Sonboli Ali
Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil 44001, Iraq.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 22;10(15):e34868. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34868. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.
This article deals with producing ultra-diluted compounds (UHDs) prepared from Iranian calendula's characteristic and endemic species. It compares their chemical, biological and biochemical characteristics with the commercial sample of calendula species (grown in the Alps). In the following, these UHDs have been used to improve the quality of germination and growth and reduce contamination of rice () seeds in the laboratory environment.
High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is used to isolate the active compounds. On the separated results, antioxidant and antibacterial were identified directly on the plate (Bio-autographic method). Direct on the plate)DESI mass spectrometry was used to identify the active compounds.
The HPTLC reveals that the chromatogram of native and extract is the most similar to the commercial compounds. The highest antioxidant activity is related to . The best antibacterial activity of the extracts against and belongs to and . Rutin, quercitrin, β-campstrole and di--caffeoylquinic acid, which are among the flavonoid and terpenoid categories were identified as active compounds. The prepared UHDs from native calendula are biologically more effective than the commercial ones in increasing seed germination efficiency, improving rooting quality and reducing contamination.
Using UHDs increases the production of photosynthetic pigments the root length and the number of lateral roots. Also, the amount of protein, gibberellic acid and abscisic acid in seedlings treated using native UHDs of (native or commercial) is higher than the others.
本文探讨从伊朗金盏花的特色和特有品种制备超稀释化合物（UHDs）。将它们的化学、生物学和生物化学特性与金盏花品种的商业样品（生长在阿尔卑斯山）进行比较。接下来，这些超稀释化合物已被用于提高发芽和生长质量，并减少实验室环境中水稻种子的污染。
采用高效薄层色谱法（HPTLC）分离活性化合物。根据分离结果，直接在板上鉴定抗氧化剂和抗菌剂（生物自显影法）。直接在板上）采用解吸电喷雾电离质谱法（DESI质谱法）鉴定活性化合物。
HPTLC显示，本地提取物的色谱图与商业化合物最相似。最高的抗氧化活性与有关。提取物对和的最佳抗菌活性属于和。芦丁、槲皮苷、β-油菜甾醇和二咖啡酰奎宁酸，属于黄酮类和萜类，被鉴定为活性化合物。由本地金盏花制备的超稀释化合物在提高种子发芽效率、改善生根质量和减少污染方面比商业化合物在生物学上更有效。
使用超稀释化合物可增加光合色素的产量、根长和侧根数量。此外，用本地（本地或商业）超稀释化合物处理的幼苗中蛋白质、赤霉素和脱落酸的含量高于其他幼苗。
