Nikmehr Banafsheh, Ghaznavi Habib, Rahbar Amir, Sadr Samira, Mehrzadi Saeed
Department of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Chin J Nat Med. 2014 Jun;12(6):423-7. doi: 10.1016/S1875-5364(14)60066-2.
The anti-leishmanial activity of methanolic extracts of Calendula officinalis flowers, Datura stramonium seeds, and Salvia officinalis leaves against extracellular (promastigote) and intracellular (amastigote) forms of Leishmania major were evaluated in this study.
In the first stage, promastigote forms of L. major, were treated with different doses of the plant extracts in a 96-well tissue-culture microplate and IC50 values for each extract were measured with colorimetric MTT assay. In the second stage, macrophage cells were infected with L. major promastigotes. Infected macrophages were treated with plant extracts. Then the macrophages were stained with Gimsa and the number of infected macrophages and amastigotes were counted with a light microscope.
The results indicated that the plant extracts inhibited the growth of promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major. Inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for promastigote assay were 108.19, 155.15, and 184.32 μgmL(-1) for C. officinalis flowers, D. stramonium seeds and S. officinalis, respectively. The extracts also reduced the number of amastigotes in macrophage cells from 264 for control group to 88, 97, and 102 for test groups. Although the anti-leishmanial activity of the extracts were not comparable with the standard drug, miltefosine; but they showed significant efficiency in reducing the number of amastigotes in macrophages, in comparison with the control group (P < 0.001). These plant extracts had lower toxicity compared with miltefosine.
This study demonstrates the potential efficacy of the methanolic extracts of C. officinalis flowers, D. stramonium seeds, and S. officinalis leaves to control of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
本研究评估了金盏花花、曼陀罗种子和鼠尾草叶的甲醇提取物对大型利什曼原虫细胞外（前鞭毛体）和细胞内（无鞭毛体）形式的抗利什曼活性。
在第一阶段，将不同剂量的植物提取物在96孔组织培养微孔板中处理大型利什曼原虫的前鞭毛体形式，并用比色MTT法测量每种提取物的IC50值。在第二阶段，巨噬细胞用大型利什曼原虫前鞭毛体感染。感染的巨噬细胞用植物提取物处理。然后巨噬细胞用吉姆萨染色，并用光学显微镜计数感染的巨噬细胞和无鞭毛体的数量。
结果表明，植物提取物抑制了大型利什曼原虫前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体的生长。前鞭毛体试验的抑制浓度（IC50）分别为金盏花花108.19、曼陀罗种子155.15和鼠尾草184.32μgmL（-1）。提取物还将巨噬细胞中的无鞭毛体数量从对照组的264个减少到试验组的88、97和102个。虽然提取物的抗利什曼活性与标准药物米替福新不可比；但与对照组相比，它们在减少巨噬细胞中无鞭毛体数量方面显示出显著效率（P < 0.001）。这些植物提取物的毒性比米替福新低。
本研究证明了金盏花花、曼陀罗种子和鼠尾草叶的甲醇提取物在控制皮肤利什曼病方面的潜在疗效。
