Haag Laura, Richardson Janice, Haig Caroline, Cunningham Yvonne, Fraser Heather, Brosnahan Naomi, Ibbotson Tracy, Ormerod Jane, White Chris, McIntosh Emma, O'Donnell Kate, Sattar Naveed, McConnachie Alex, Lean Mike, Blane David, Combet Emilie
Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G31 2ER, UK.
School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 8TA, UK.
NIHR Open Res. 2024 Mar 5;4:7. doi: 10.3310/nihropenres.13522.1. eCollection 2024.
The persistence of symptoms for ≥12 weeks after a COVID-19 infection is known as Long COVID (LC), a condition with unclear pathophysiology and no proven treatments to date. Living with obesity is a risk factor for LC and has symptoms which may overlap with and aggravate LC.
ReDIRECT is a remotely delivered trial assessing whether weight management can reduce LC symptoms. We recruited people with LC and BMI >27kg/m . The intervention was delivered remotely by dietitians, with online data collection (medical and dietary history, COVID-19 infection and vaccination, body composition, LC history/symptoms, blood pressure, quality of life, sociodemographic data). Participants self-selected the dominant LC symptoms they most wanted to improve from the intervention.
Participants (n=234) in England (64%) and Scotland (30%) were mainly women (85%) of white ethnicity (90%), with 13% living in the 20% most deprived areas, a mean age of 46 (SD10) years, and median BMI of 35kg/m (IQR 32-40). Before starting the study, 30% reported more than one COVID-19 infection (82% confirmed with one or more positive tests). LC Diagnosis was mainly by GPs (71%), other healthcare professionals (9%), or self-diagnosed (21%). The median total number of symptoms was 6 (IQR 4-8). Self-selected dominant LC symptoms included fatigue (54%), breathlessness (16%), pain (12%), anxiety/depression (1%) and "other" (17%). At baseline, 82% were taking medication, 57% reported 1+ other medical conditions. Quality of life was poor; 20% were on long-term sick leave or reduced working hours. Most (92%) reported having gained weight since contracting COVID-19 (median weight change +11.5 kg, range -11.5 to +45.3 kg).
Symptoms linked to LC and overweight are diverse and complex. Remote trial delivery enabled rapid recruitment across the UK yet certain groups (e.g. men and those from ethnic minority groups) were under-represented.
ISRCTN registry ( ISRCTN12595520, 25/11/2021).
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）感染后症状持续≥12周被称为长期新冠（LC），这是一种病理生理学尚不清楚且迄今为止尚无经证实治疗方法的疾病。肥胖是LC的一个危险因素，其症状可能与LC重叠并加重LC症状。
ReDIRECT是一项远程实施的试验，评估体重管理是否可以减轻LC症状。我们招募了LC患者且体重指数（BMI）>27kg/m²。干预由营养师远程实施，并进行在线数据收集（病史和饮食史、COVID-19感染和疫苗接种情况、身体成分、LC病史/症状、血压、生活质量、社会人口统计学数据）。参与者自行选择他们最希望通过干预改善的主要LC症状。
来自英格兰（64%）和苏格兰（30%）的参与者（n=234）主要是白人种族（90%）的女性（85%），13%生活在最贫困的20%地区，平均年龄46（标准差10）岁，BMI中位数为35kg/m²（四分位间距32 - 40）。在开始研究前，30%的人报告感染过不止一次COVID-19（82%经一次或多次阳性检测确诊）。LC诊断主要由全科医生（71%）、其他医疗专业人员（9%）或自我诊断（21%）。症状总数中位数为6（四分位间距4 - 8）。自行选择的主要LC症状包括疲劳（54%）、呼吸急促（16%）、疼痛（12%）、焦虑/抑郁（1%）和“其他”（17%）。基线时，82%的人正在服药，57%的人报告有一种或多种其他疾病。生活质量较差；20%的人休长期病假或减少了工作时间。大多数人（92%）报告自感染COVID-19后体重增加（体重变化中位数 +11.5 kg，范围 -11.5至 +45.3 kg）。
与LC和超重相关的症状多样且复杂。远程试验实施使得能够在英国快速招募参与者，但某些群体（如男性和少数族裔群体）的代表性不足。
国际标准随机对照试验编号注册库（ISRCTN12595520，2021年11月25日）
