Cederlöf Erik, Holm Minna, Ahti Johan, Lähteenvuo Markku, Hietala Jarmo, Häkkinen Katja, Isometsä Erkki, Kampman Olli, Lahdensuo Kaisla, Lönnqvist Jouko, Suvisaari Jaana, Tiihonen Jari, Wegelius Asko, Veijola Juha, Palotie Aarno, Kieseppä Tuula, Niemelä Solja, Paunio Tiina
Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Schizophr Bull Open. 2022 Dec 1;4(1):sgac073. doi: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgac073. eCollection 2023 Jan.
Substance use and sleep problems are common in patients with psychotic disorders, but their associations in these patients have not been evaluated. We aimed to investigate associations between substance use and sleep problems in a large nationwide cohort of patients with a psychotic disorder.
This study is part of the Finnish SUPER study, which belongs to the Stanley Global Neuropsychiatric Genomics Initiative. In this cross-sectional, multicenter study, participants ( = 8616) were recruited from primary and specialized healthcare. Patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression were included. Information on current alcohol (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise) and cigarette use as well as on lifetime illicit drug use, including cannabis, benzodiazepines, amphetamines, and opioids, was collected using questionnaires. The sleep outcomes in our logistic regression analysis were short (≤6 h) and long sleep (≥10 h) duration, difficulties initiating asleep, early morning awakenings, fatigue, and poor sleep quality (SQ).
Self-reported substance use was associated with a higher prevalence of sleep problems. After adjustments with age, gender, diagnostic group, and living status, hazardous alcohol use (eg, poor SQ odds ratio [OR] = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.49 to 2.16, < .001), current smoking (short sleep duration OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.52, = .005), and lifetime benzodiazepine misuse (difficulties initiating sleep OR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.55 to 2.48, < .001) were associated with sleep problems.
Substance use was associated with sleep problems. Our findings underline the potential benefits of screening substance use when treating sleep problems in patients with psychotic disorders.
物质使用和睡眠问题在精神障碍患者中很常见，但它们在这些患者中的关联尚未得到评估。我们旨在调查全国范围内一大群精神障碍患者中物质使用与睡眠问题之间的关联。
本研究是芬兰超级研究的一部分，该研究属于斯坦利全球神经精神基因组学倡议。在这项横断面多中心研究中，参与者（n = 8616）从初级和专科医疗保健机构招募。纳入了精神分裂症、分裂情感性障碍、双相情感障碍和精神病性抑郁症患者。使用问卷收集了当前酒精使用（酒精使用障碍识别测试简版）和吸烟情况以及包括大麻、苯二氮䓬类、苯丙胺类和阿片类在内的终生非法药物使用信息。我们逻辑回归分析中的睡眠结果为短睡眠（≤6小时）和长睡眠（≥10小时）时长、入睡困难、早醒、疲劳和睡眠质量差（SQ）。
自我报告的物质使用与睡眠问题的较高患病率相关。在对年龄、性别、诊断组和生活状况进行调整后，危险酒精使用（例如，睡眠质量差的优势比[OR] = 1.80，95%置信区间：1.49至2.16，P <.001）、当前吸烟（短睡眠时长OR = 1.28，95%置信区间：1.08至1.52，P =.005）和终生苯二氮䓬类药物滥用（入睡困难OR = 2.00，95%置信区间：1.55至2.48，P <.001）与睡眠问题相关。
物质使用与睡眠问题相关。我们的研究结果强调了在治疗精神障碍患者的睡眠问题时筛查物质使用的潜在益处。
