Hu Xiaodan, Zhang Yan, Plopski Alexander, Itoh Yuta, Perusquia-Hernandez Monica, Isoyama Naoya, Uchiyama Hideaki, Kiyokawa Kiyoshi
IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph. 2025 Sep;31(9):5259-5274. doi: 10.1109/TVCG.2024.3444287.
Systems with occlusion capabilities, such as those used in vision augmentation, image processing, and optical see-through head-mounted display (OST-HMD), have gained popularity. Achieving precise (hard-edge) occlusion in these systems is challenging, often requiring complex optical designs and bulky volumes. On the other hand, utilizing a single transparent liquid crystal display (LCD) is a simple approach to create occlusion masks. However, the generated mask will appear defocused (soft-edge) resulting in insufficient blocking or occlusion leakage. In our work, we delve into the perception of soft-edge occlusion by the human visual system and present a preference-based optimal expansion method that minimizes perceived occlusion leakage. In a user study involving 20 participants, we made a noteworthy observation that the human eye perceives a sharper edge blur of the occlusion mask when individuals see through it and gaze at a far distance, in contrast to the camera system's observation. Moreover, our study revealed significant individual differences in the perception of soft-edge masks in human vision when focusing. These differences may lead to varying degrees of demand for mask size among individuals. Our evaluation demonstrates that our method successfully accounts for individual differences and achieves optimal masking effects at arbitrary distances and pupil sizes.
具有遮挡功能的系统，如用于视觉增强、图像处理和光学透视头戴式显示器（OST-HMD）的系统，已受到广泛关注。在这些系统中实现精确（硬边缘）遮挡具有挑战性，通常需要复杂的光学设计且体积庞大。另一方面，使用单个透明液晶显示器（LCD）是创建遮挡掩膜的一种简单方法。然而，生成的掩膜会出现散焦（软边缘），导致遮挡不足或出现遮挡泄漏。在我们的工作中，我们深入研究了人类视觉系统对软边缘遮挡的感知，并提出了一种基于偏好的最优扩展方法，该方法可将感知到的遮挡泄漏降至最低。在一项涉及20名参与者的用户研究中，我们有一个值得注意的观察结果：与相机系统的观察结果相反，当人们透过遮挡掩膜看向远处时，人眼会感知到遮挡掩膜边缘有更明显的模糊。此外，我们的研究还揭示了人类视觉在聚焦时对软边缘掩膜感知的显著个体差异。这些差异可能导致个体对掩膜尺寸的需求程度不同。我们的评估表明，我们的方法成功地考虑了个体差异，并在任意距离和瞳孔尺寸下都能实现最优的掩膜效果。
