Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macao.
Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States.
Food Res Int. 2024 Sep;192:114741. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114741. Epub 2024 Jul 11.
Significant volumes of agricultural and industrial waste are produced annually. With the global focus shifting towards sustainable and environmentally friendly practices, there is growing emphasis on recycling and utilizing materials derived from such waste, such as cellulose and lignin. In response to this imperative situation, nanocellulose materials have surfaced attracting heightened attention and research interest owing to their superior properties in terms of strength, stiffness, biodegradability, and water resistance. The current manuscript provided a comprehensive review encompassing the resources of nanocellulose, detailed pretreatment and extraction methods, and present applications of nanocellulose. More importantly, it highlighted the challenges related to its processing and utilization, along with potential solutions. After evaluating the benefits and drawbacks of different methods for producing nanocellulose, ultrasound combined with acid hydrolysis emerges as the most promising approach for large-scale production. While nanocellulose has established applications in water treatment, its potential within the food industry appears even more encouraging. Despite the numerous potential applications across various sectors, challenges persist regarding its modification, characterization, industrial-scale manufacturing, and regulatory policies. Overcoming these obstacles requires the development of new technologies and assessment tools aligned with policy. In essence, nanocellulose presents itself as an eco-friendly material with extensive application possibilities, prompting the need for additional research into its extraction, application suitability, and performance enhancement. This review focused on the wide application scenarios of nanocellulose, the challenges of nanocellulose application, and the possible solutions.
每年都会产生大量的农业和工业废物。随着全球对可持续和环保实践的关注日益增加，人们越来越重视从这些废物中回收和利用纤维素和木质素等材料。纳米纤维素材料因其在强度、刚度、生物降解性和耐水性方面的卓越性能而备受关注和研究。本文全面综述了纳米纤维素的资源、详细的预处理和提取方法以及纳米纤维素的现有应用。更重要的是，它强调了与纳米纤维素加工和利用相关的挑战以及潜在的解决方案。在评估了不同生产纳米纤维素方法的优缺点之后，超声结合酸水解似乎是大规模生产的最有前途的方法。虽然纳米纤维素已经在水处理中得到了应用，但它在食品工业中的潜力似乎更有希望。尽管在各个领域都有许多潜在的应用，但在其改性、表征、工业规模制造和监管政策方面仍然存在挑战。克服这些障碍需要开发新的技术和评估工具，并与政策保持一致。从本质上讲，纳米纤维素是一种具有广泛应用可能性的环保材料，因此需要进一步研究其提取、应用适用性和性能增强。本文重点介绍了纳米纤维素的广泛应用场景、纳米纤维素应用的挑战以及可能的解决方案。
