Malila Yuwares, Owolabi Iyiola O, Chotanaphuti Tanai, Sakdibhornssup Napat, Elliott Christopher T, Visessanguan Wonnop, Karoonuthaisiri Nitsara, Petchkongkaew Awanwee
National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
International Joint Research Center on Food Security (IJC-FOODSEC), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
NPJ Sci Food. 2024 Aug 15;8(1):53. doi: 10.1038/s41538-024-00291-w.
Global demand for food is expected to nearly double by 2050. Alternative proteins (AP) have been proposed as a sustainable solution to provide food security as natural resources become more depleted. However, the growth and consumer intake of AP remains limited. This review aims to better understand the challenges and environmental impacts of four main AP categories: plant-based, insect-based, microbe-derived, and cultured meat and seafood. The environmental benefits of plant-based and insect-based proteins have been documented but the impacts of microbe-derived proteins and cultured meat have not been fully assessed. The development of alternative products with nutritional and sensory profiles similar to their conventional counterparts remains highly challenging. Furthermore, incomplete safety assessments and a lack of clear regulatory guidelines confuse the food industry and hamper progress. Much still needs to be done to fully support AP utilization within the context of supporting the drive to make the global food system sustainable.
预计到2050年，全球粮食需求将几乎翻一番。随着自然资源日益枯竭，替代蛋白已被提议作为保障粮食安全的可持续解决方案。然而，替代蛋白的增长和消费者摄入量仍然有限。本综述旨在更好地了解四种主要替代蛋白类别的挑战和环境影响：植物基、昆虫基、微生物衍生以及养殖肉类和海鲜。植物基和昆虫基蛋白的环境效益已有文献记载，但微生物衍生蛋白和养殖肉类的影响尚未得到充分评估。开发营养和感官特性与传统同类产品相似的替代产品仍然极具挑战性。此外，不完整的安全评估和缺乏明确的监管指南使食品行业感到困惑并阻碍了进展。在支持全球粮食系统可持续发展的背景下，要充分支持替代蛋白的利用，仍有许多工作要做。
