Qiu Wei, Zhou Bangyi, Luo Yifei, Chen Yuanting, Chen Zehao, Wu Keke, Wu Hongle, Wu Buling, Guo Jinshan, Fang Fuchun
Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China.
Department of Stomatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, P. R. China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2025 Jan;14(1):e2402312. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202402312. Epub 2024 Aug 15.
In the field of tissue engineering, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is considered an important element for promoting neural regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), mesenchymal stem cells that originate from the neural crest, are easy to harvest and culture in vitro, express a variety of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) and deposit a large amount of ECM, making them a good choice for stem cell- or ECM-based treatment of SCI. In the present study, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) derived from DPSC sheets is used for the treatment of SCI. Optimization experiments reveal that incubating DPSC sheets with 1% Triton X-100 for 5 min is the best procedure for preparing DPSC dECM. It is found that DPSC dECM promotes nerve repair and regeneration after SCI and restores hindlimb motor function in rats. Mechanistically, DPSC dECM facilitates the migration and neural differentiation of neural stem cells, as well as M2 polarization of microglia, and inhibits the formation of glial scars. This study suggests that the use of DPSC dECM is a potential strategy for the treatment of SCI.
在组织工程领域，细胞外基质（ECM）被认为是促进脊髓损伤（SCI）后神经再生的重要因素。牙髓干细胞（DPSCs）是源自神经嵴的间充质干细胞，易于采集和体外培养，表达多种神经营养因子（NTFs）并沉积大量ECM，使其成为基于干细胞或ECM治疗SCI的良好选择。在本研究中，源自DPSC片层的脱细胞细胞外基质（dECM）用于治疗SCI。优化实验表明，用1% Triton X-100孵育DPSC片层5分钟是制备DPSC dECM的最佳方法。研究发现，DPSC dECM可促进SCI后神经修复和再生，并恢复大鼠后肢运动功能。从机制上讲，DPSC dECM促进神经干细胞的迁移和神经分化，以及小胶质细胞的M2极化，并抑制胶质瘢痕的形成。本研究表明，使用DPSC dECM是治疗SCI的一种潜在策略。
