Handoyo Utomo Ahmad Rusdan, Yusnita Yusnita, Sari Siti Maulidya, Ranakusuma Octaviani Indrasari, Bagaskara Sunu, Sari Wening, Suciati Yulia, Nur Hidayati Anggi Puspa, Nihayah Silviatun, Putro Catur Anggono, Nurainy Neni
Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Universitas YARSI, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas YARSI, Jakarta, Indonesia.
J Biomed Res. 2024 Aug 25;39(2):1-9. doi: 10.7555/JBR.37.20230295.
The prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children under five years of age is about 20%. Chronic maternal malnutrition contributes to the risk of stunting by affecting global DNA methylation. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the levels of 5-methyl-cytosine (5mC), as a surrogate marker of global DNA methylation, in buccal swabs and its potential association with risk of stunting and cognitive performance. The levels of 5mC were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence was used to measure cognitive functions. Buccal swab DNA samples and anthropometric data were collected from a total of 231 children aged zero to five years. In this cross-sectional cohort, the prevalence of stunting was 37% in 138 children aged zero to two years and 30% in 93 children aged > two years. The univariable analysis revealed that the levels of 5mC in buccal swab DNA were significantly lower in severely stunted children (median, 2.84; interquartile range [IQR], 2.39-4.62; -value, 0.0314) and in children of a younger age (median, 2.81; IQR 2.53-4.62, value, 0.0001) than in normal (median, 3.75; IQR, 2.80-4.74) and older children (median, 4.01, IQR, 3.39-4.87), respectively. We also found that the average cognitive scores tended to be low in boys and stunted children, although the differences were not statistically significant. Furthermore, levels of 5mC found in buccal and mouthwash DNA were not associated with cognitive scores.
印度尼西亚五岁以下儿童发育迟缓的患病率约为20%。慢性母体营养不良通过影响全基因组DNA甲基化增加了发育迟缓的风险。在本研究中，我们旨在评估口腔拭子中作为全基因组DNA甲基化替代标志物的5-甲基胞嘧啶（5mC）水平及其与发育迟缓和认知表现风险的潜在关联。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法测量5mC水平。采用韦氏学前和小学智力量表测量认知功能。从总共231名零至五岁的儿童中收集口腔拭子DNA样本和人体测量数据。在这个横断面队列中，138名零至两岁儿童的发育迟缓患病率为37%，93名两岁以上儿童的发育迟缓患病率为30%。单变量分析显示，严重发育迟缓儿童（中位数为2.84；四分位间距[IQR]为2.39 - 4.62；P值为0.0314）和年龄较小儿童（中位数为2.81；IQR为2.53 - 4.62，P值为0.0001）口腔拭子DNA中的5mC水平分别显著低于正常儿童（中位数为3.75；IQR为2.80 - 4.74）和年龄较大儿童（中位数为4.01，IQR为3.39 - 4.87）。我们还发现，男孩和发育迟缓儿童的平均认知得分往往较低，尽管差异无统计学意义。此外，在口腔拭子和漱口水DNA中发现的5mC水平与认知得分无关。
