Kareem Yusuf Olushola, Adelekan Babatunde, Bungudu Karima, Goldson Erika, Dasogot Andat, Hajjar Julia Marie, Yaya Sanni
United Nations Population Fund, Nigeria Country Office, Abuja, Nigeria.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Int J Sex Health. 2024 May 20;36(3):302-316. doi: 10.1080/19317611.2024.2346144. eCollection 2024.
Unintended pregnancy is a global public health issue with significant adverse effects which include health and economic consequences. Globally, there were 121 million unintended pregnancies annually between 2015 and 2019 among women of reproductive age between 15 and 49 mainly due to the non-uptake of modern contraceptives, harmful norms, stigma and lack of sexual and reproductive health care and information.
We extracted information from the Nigeria Demographic Health Survey conducted in 2008, 2013, and 2018 to assess the trends and factors associated with unintended pregnancies among women of reproductive-aged 15-49. The descriptive summaries were presented using percentages and binomial logistic regressions for the inferential analysis. All analyses were computed using Stata 15.0 at a 5% level of significance and accounted for the complex survey nature as well as the population size.
The study included a total of 63,040 women of reproductive age. The prevalence of unintended pregnancy was highest among adolescents aged 15-19 years (15.1%, 95% CI: 13.9-16.5) and decreased with increasing age. The pooled adjusted model revealed that women had 11% lower odds of reporting unintended pregnancies in 2013 compared to 2008. Adolescent girls (aOR 2.48; 95%CI: 2.14-2.89) and young adults (aOR 1.86; 95%CI: 1.69-2.04) have higher odds of reporting unintended pregnancies compared to older women. Also, unmarried women had 9.8 times higher odds of reporting unintended pregnancies compared to ever-married women.
The findings from this study highlight the need for further family planning educational programs and initiatives that support the uptake of effective contraceptive methods to reduce the likelihood of unintended pregnancy and improve women's sexual and reproductive health while considering regional variations within the country to ensure tailored interventions that address specific needs within each region.
意外怀孕是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，会产生重大不利影响，包括健康和经济后果。在全球范围内，2015年至2019年期间，15至49岁育龄妇女每年有1.21亿例意外怀孕，主要原因是未采用现代避孕方法、有害规范、耻辱感以及缺乏性与生殖健康护理和信息。
我们从2008年、2013年和2018年进行的尼日利亚人口与健康调查中提取信息，以评估15至49岁育龄妇女意外怀孕的趋势和相关因素。描述性摘要采用百分比呈现，推断性分析采用二项逻辑回归。所有分析均使用Stata 15.0在5%的显著性水平下进行，并考虑了复杂的调查性质以及人口规模。
该研究共纳入63040名育龄妇女。意外怀孕发生率在15至19岁青少年中最高（15.1%，95%置信区间：13.9 - 16.5），并随年龄增长而下降。汇总调整模型显示，与2008年相比，2013年妇女报告意外怀孕的几率降低了11%。与年长女性相比，少女（调整后比值比2.48；95%置信区间：2.14 - 2.89）和年轻成年人（调整后比值比1.86；95%置信区间：1.69 - 2.04）报告意外怀孕的几率更高。此外，与已婚妇女相比，未婚妇女报告意外怀孕的几率高9.8倍。
本研究结果凸显了进一步开展计划生育教育项目和举措的必要性，这些项目和举措应支持采用有效的避孕方法，以降低意外怀孕的可能性，改善妇女性与生殖健康，同时考虑该国的地区差异，以确保针对每个地区的特定需求进行量身定制的干预措施。
