Abedi Mahsa, Tóth Zsejke-Réka, Todea Milica, Ágoston Áron, Kukovecz Ákos, Kónya Zoltán, Pap Zsolt, Gyulavári Tamás
Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Sqr. 1, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
Doctoral School of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, M. Kogălniceanu 1, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 20;10(14):e34938. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34938. eCollection 2024 Jul 30.
Calcium titanate (CTO) photocatalysts were synthesized using a sol-gel method by adopting a cost-efficient, rapid calcination technique. The CTOs were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption, porosimetry measurements, scanning/transmission electron microscopy, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Their photocatalytic activity was assessed through the photocatalytic degradation of phenol, oxalic acid, and chlorophenol under UV light exposure, using a commercial CTO as a reference. The stability of the samples was evaluated using compounds with -OH, -COOH, and -Cl functional groups. Characterization results showed that CTO composites containing anatase, rutile, and brookite titania were obtained. Increasing the calcination temperature led to various crystalline compositions, higher crystallinity, larger primary crystallite sizes, and smaller specific surface areas. The photocatalytic activity of all CTO/TiO composites was superior compared to the commercial CTO we used as a reference. The high photocatalytic activity of the best-performing composites was attributed to their higher specific surface areas and the synergistic effect between the crystal phases. A cost comparison was also made between our unique calcination technique and conventional calcination, and it was found that our method is approximately 35% more cost-effective, while retaining the photocatalytic activity.
采用溶胶-凝胶法并运用一种经济高效的快速煅烧技术合成了钛酸钙（CTO）光催化剂。通过X射线衍射法、X射线光电子能谱、红外光谱、氮气吸附、孔隙率测量、扫描/透射电子显微镜以及漫反射光谱对CTO进行了表征。以市售CTO作为参比，通过在紫外光照射下对苯酚、草酸和氯酚进行光催化降解来评估其光催化活性。使用含有-OH、-COOH和-Cl官能团的化合物评估样品的稳定性。表征结果表明获得了含有锐钛矿、金红石和板钛矿二氧化钛的CTO复合材料。提高煅烧温度会导致形成不同的晶体组成、更高的结晶度、更大的初级晶粒尺寸以及更小的比表面积。所有CTO/TiO复合材料的光催化活性均优于我们用作参比的市售CTO。性能最佳的复合材料具有高光催化活性，这归因于其较高的比表面积以及晶相之间的协同效应。还对我们独特的煅烧技术与传统煅烧进行了成本比较，结果发现我们的方法在保留光催化活性的同时，成本效益提高了约35%。
