NorHEAD Norwegian Centre for Headache Research, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Cephalalgia. 2024 Aug;44(8):3331024241268212. doi: 10.1177/03331024241268212.
The objective of this study was to describe and discuss patterns of migraine medication use in the entire Norwegian population.
In this nationwide, observational study, all individuals with a migraine-related prescription between 2010 and 2020 were identified using the Norwegian Prescription Database. The outcomes of interest were the incidence and 1-year prevalence of migraine medication users, as well as individuals with triptan overuse. Patterns of medication use were statistically compared between women and men adjusted for age, year of treatment start, comorbidities and county of residence calculating adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
We identified 327,904 migraine medication users. The incidence ranged from 0.39% to 0.46%, and the 1-year prevalence increased from 1.99% to 2.99%. Preventive use increased >50% during the study period. Preventives were significantly more often prescribed to women than to men (39.72% vs. 33.75%; aOR 1.41, 95% CI 1.38 to 1.44). Triptan overuse was significantly more common among women, but women with overuse were more often using preventives, as compared to men (56.64% vs 52.69%; aOR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.49).
The prevalence of medically treated migraine is low. Overuse of triptans is frequent, especially among women. Clinicians should be encouraged to try out different triptans, recognize triptan overuse, and prescribe preventives when indicated.
本研究旨在描述和讨论挪威全人群偏头痛药物使用模式。
在这项全国性的观察性研究中，使用挪威处方数据库确定了所有在 2010 年至 2020 年间有偏头痛相关处方的个体。我们感兴趣的结果是偏头痛药物使用者的发病率和 1 年患病率，以及曲普坦类药物过度使用者。通过计算调整后的优势比（aOR）及其 95%置信区间（CI），根据年龄、治疗开始年份、合并症和居住县，对女性和男性的药物使用模式进行统计学比较。
我们确定了 327904 名偏头痛药物使用者。发病率范围为 0.39%至 0.46%，1 年患病率从 1.99%增加到 2.99%。在研究期间，预防性药物的使用增加了>50%。预防性药物的使用明显更倾向于女性（39.72%比 33.75%；aOR 1.41，95%CI 1.38 至 1.44）。曲普坦类药物过度使用者中女性明显更多，但与男性相比，女性过度使用者更常使用预防性药物（56.64%比 52.69%；aOR=1.43，95%CI 1.37 至 1.49）。
经医学治疗的偏头痛患病率较低。曲普坦类药物过度使用较为常见，尤其是女性。应鼓励临床医生尝试不同的曲普坦类药物，识别曲普坦类药物过度使用，并在适当情况下开具预防性药物。
