Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan.
Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Aug 16;196(9):819. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-12918-2.
Metal contamination is a crucial environmental issue because of its persistence and toxicity, which can have deleterious effects on aquatic ecosystems. Coastal sediments serve as reservoirs for metals. Aquaculture is an important human activity in coastal areas; however, the actual status of metal distribution in these areas has not been well characterized. We investigated the distribution and geochemical speciation of metals in the sediments of the Japanese aquaculture areas of Shidugawa and Furue Bays. Total metals were generally in the order Zn > Cu > Ni > Cd > Pb and occurred at high levels at the sites in the inner parts and near the fish cages in the sampling areas. Pearson's correlations and principal component analysis results suggested that the metals in these aquaculture areas might originate from several sources, such as fish feces, fish feeds, corrosion of antifouling material residues, and local anthropogenic activities, including fertilizers and manures. Furthermore, metals were mainly in silts and fine sediments, associated with residual speciation, followed by organic fractions, oxides, and high fractions of exchangeable Cd. These results provide important insights into the accumulation of metals in sediments for better managing marine aquaculture in Japan.
金属污染是一个至关重要的环境问题，因为其持久性和毒性可能对水生生态系统造成有害影响。沿海沉积物是金属的储存库。水产养殖是沿海地区的一项重要人类活动；然而，这些地区金属分布的实际状况尚未得到很好的描述。我们研究了日本志津川和古江湾水产养殖区沉积物中金属的分布和地球化学形态。金属总量通常按 Zn > Cu > Ni > Cd > Pb 的顺序排列，在采样区域内部和鱼类养殖网箱附近的地点含量较高。皮尔逊相关和主成分分析结果表明，这些水产养殖区的金属可能来自多个来源，如鱼类粪便、鱼类饲料、防污材料残渣的腐蚀以及包括肥料和粪肥在内的当地人为活动。此外，金属主要存在于淤泥和细沉积物中，与残余形态有关，其次是有机部分、氧化物和高比例的可交换态 Cd。这些结果为更好地管理日本的海洋水产养殖提供了对沉积物中金属积累的重要认识。
