School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, Guangdong Emergency Response Technology Research Center for Psychological Assistance in Emergencies, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, Guangdong Emergency Response Technology Research Center for Psychological Assistance in Emergencies, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
J Psychosom Res. 2024 Oct;185:111867. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111867. Epub 2024 Jul 25.
To examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal bidirectional associations of depression and anxiety symptoms with the development of obesity over time among children and adolescents in different age groups from childhood to young adulthood.
This is a three-wave longitudinal study that included >200,000 school-aged children between 5 and 18 years. Participants were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as participants' weight and height, were collected at each assessment. The cross-sectional associations between obesity and depression or anxiety were examined through ANOVA and Chi-square tests. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate their longitudinal bidirectional associations.
The prevalence of obesity reached a peak in the age group between 12 and 14 years. Concurrently, higher mean BMI and obesity prevalence were associated with more severe symptoms of depression and anxiety in each age group (ps < 0.001). Longitudinally, depression and anxiety significantly increased the risk of development of obesity over time (odds ratios [ORs] = 1.08 to 1.77). Moreover, obesity significantly aggravated the risk of development of depression (ORs = 1.17 to 1.68) and anxiety (ORs = 1.25 to 1.71) over time and hindered the alleviation of depressive (ORs = 0.68 to 0.79) and anxiety symptoms (ORs = 0.73 to 0.74).
Findings suggest that there were bidirectional associations between obesity and psychological distress. It may be important to continuously track BMI and psychological conditions for children and adolescents over time to avoid the reinforcement of their negative reciprocal interactions.
在不同年龄组（从儿童期到青年期）的儿童和青少年中，考察抑郁和焦虑症状与肥胖发展之间的横断面和纵向双向关联。
这是一项三波纵向研究，包括 20 多万名 5 至 18 岁的学龄儿童。参与者在基线、6 个月和 12 个月时进行评估。在每次评估时都收集了抑郁和焦虑症状以及参与者的体重和身高。通过方差分析和卡方检验来检查肥胖与抑郁或焦虑之间的横断面关联。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来研究它们的纵向双向关联。
肥胖的患病率在 12 至 14 岁年龄组达到高峰。与此同时，每个年龄组中，较高的平均 BMI 和肥胖患病率与更严重的抑郁和焦虑症状相关（均 P<0.001）。纵向来看，抑郁和焦虑显著增加了肥胖随时间发展的风险（比值比 [OR] 为 1.08 至 1.77）。此外，肥胖显著增加了抑郁（OR 为 1.17 至 1.68）和焦虑（OR 为 1.25 至 1.71）随时间发展的风险，并阻碍了抑郁（OR 为 0.68 至 0.79）和焦虑症状（OR 为 0.73 至 0.74）的缓解。
研究结果表明肥胖与心理困扰之间存在双向关联。对于儿童和青少年，随着时间的推移，持续跟踪 BMI 和心理状况可能很重要，以避免其负面相互作用的强化。
