Deng Yue, Pan Deng, Jin Yuliang
Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Nat Commun. 2024 Aug 16;15(1):7072. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-51319-4.
Jamming is an athermal transition between flowing and rigid states in amorphous systems such as granular matter, colloidal suspensions, complex fluids and cells. The jamming transition seems to display mixed aspects of a first-order transition, evidenced by a discontinuity in the coordination number, and a second-order transition, indicated by power-law scalings and diverging lengths. Here we demonstrate that jamming is a first-order transition with quenched disorder in cyclically sheared systems with quasistatic deformations, in two and three dimensions. Based on scaling analyses, we show that fluctuations of the jamming density in finite-sized systems have important consequences on the finite-size effects of various quantities, resulting in a square relationship between disconnected and connected susceptibilities, a key signature of the first-order transition with quenched disorder. This study puts the jamming transition into the category of a broad class of transitions in disordered systems where sample-to-sample fluctuations dominate over thermal fluctuations, suggesting that the nature and behavior of the jamming transition might be better understood within the developed theoretical framework of the athermally driven random-field Ising model.
阻塞是无定形系统(如颗粒物质、胶体悬浮液、复杂流体和细胞)中从流动态到刚性态的非热转变。阻塞转变似乎呈现出一级转变的混合特征,这由配位数的不连续性证明,同时也呈现出二级转变的特征,由幂律标度和发散长度表明。在这里,我们证明在二维和三维的具有准静态变形的循环剪切系统中,阻塞是一种具有淬火无序的一级转变。基于标度分析,我们表明有限尺寸系统中阻塞密度的涨落对各种量的有限尺寸效应有重要影响,导致不连通和连通磁化率之间呈平方关系,这是具有淬火无序的一级转变的关键特征。这项研究将阻塞转变归入无序系统中一类广泛的转变,其中样本间涨落主导热涨落,这表明在已发展的非热驱动随机场伊辛模型理论框架内,可能能更好地理解阻塞转变的本质和行为。