Cruz Fábio Loures, Mendes Melissa Fabíola Dos Santos Alves, Silva Thais Oliveira, Filho Marlon Barros Guimarães, de Abreu Márvio Lobão Teixeira
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2025 Jan;109(1):76-95. doi: 10.1111/jpn.14031. Epub 2024 Aug 16.
The objective was to conduct a systematic review to clarify the effects of l-arginine supplementation in pregnant and lactating sows on plasma hormone levels, milk production and composition, the body condition of sows and piglet performance. In April 2023, an online search and a systematic search were performed in the following databases: Embase, Scopus, SciELO, Web of Science, PubMed and Science Direct. The combinations of keywords used were sow and arginine and lactation; sow and arginine and lactating; sow and arginine and gestation; sow and arginine and gestating; sow and arginine and pregnancy; sow and arginine and reproduction; piglet and arginine; and sow and arginine and mammary gland. In total, 21 scientific articles with original data were selected according to preestablished criteria. Among the 21 articles, seven (33%) reported measurements of some plasma hormones, and among these, six reported an increase in the levels of at least one hormone, namely, estradiol, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin, follicle stimulating hormone, growth hormone or prolactin, with l-arginine supplementation. The parameters of milk were evaluated in 11 studies (52%), one reported an increase in protein content, and one reported an increase in IGF-1 content in milk with supplementation of this amino acid. Of the 14 studies that evaluated the performance parameters of piglets, only four reported improvements in some parameters of piglets from sows that received supplementation. Dietary supplementation of arginine for sows in the final third of gestation and/or lactation may alter the plasma levels of some hormones, which may reflect in greater development of the mammary gland tissue and, consequently, promote benefits on the performance of piglets. However, more studies are needed to evaluate the real impact of this amino acid supplementation on the physiology of the sows, in general, and the performance of suckling piglets.
目的是进行一项系统综述，以阐明在妊娠和哺乳母猪中补充L-精氨酸对血浆激素水平、产奶量和成分、母猪体况以及仔猪性能的影响。2023年4月，在以下数据库中进行了在线搜索和系统搜索：Embase、Scopus、SciELO、Web of Science、PubMed和ScienceDirect。使用的关键词组合为：母猪、精氨酸和泌乳；母猪、精氨酸和哺乳；母猪、精氨酸和妊娠；母猪、精氨酸和怀孕；母猪、精氨酸和繁殖；仔猪和精氨酸；以及母猪、精氨酸和乳腺。根据预先设定的标准，共筛选出21篇有原始数据的科学文章。在这21篇文章中，7篇（33%）报告了一些血浆激素的测量结果，其中6篇报告补充L-精氨酸后至少一种激素水平有所升高，即雌二醇、胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）、胰岛素、促卵泡激素、生长激素或催乳素。11项研究（52%）评估了乳汁参数，1项报告蛋白质含量增加，1项报告补充该氨基酸后乳汁中IGF-1含量增加。在评估仔猪性能参数的14项研究中，只有4项报告了接受补充的母猪所产仔猪的某些参数有所改善。在妊娠后期和/或哺乳期对母猪进行精氨酸日粮补充可能会改变某些激素的血浆水平，这可能反映在乳腺组织的更大发育上，从而对仔猪性能产生益处。然而，总体而言，需要更多研究来评估这种氨基酸补充对母猪生理以及哺乳仔猪性能的实际影响。
