Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, West Bengal, India; Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.
Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, West Bengal, India.
Microb Pathog. 2024 Oct;195:106864. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106864. Epub 2024 Aug 15.
The leaves of Piper betle L., known as betel leaf, have immense medicinal properties. It possesses potent antimicrobial efficacies and can be a valuable tool to combat drug-resistant microorganisms. Quorum sensing (QS) inhibition is one of the best strategies to combat drug resistance. The present study investigates the anti-quorum sensing and biofilm inhibitory potential of Piper betle L. leaf extract against two bacterial strains, Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The extract produced substantial QS-inhibition zones in a biosensor strain of C. violaceum (CV026), indicating interference with quorum-sensing signals. The Results demonstrated significant inhibition in biofilm formation and different QS-regulated virulence factors (violacein, exopolysaccharides, pyocyanin, pyoverdine, elastase) in both C. violaceum and P. aeruginosa at sub-MIC concentrations of the extract and tetracycline, an antibiotic with known anti-QS activity. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed decreased gene expression in different QS-related genes in C. violaceum (cviI, cviR, and vioA) and P. aeruginosa (lasI, lasR, lasB, rhlI, rhlR, and rhlA) strains after treatment. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified the significant phytocompounds, mainly derivatives of chavicol and eugenol, in the extract. Of these compounds, chavicol acetate (affinity: -7.00 kcal/mol) and acetoxy chavicol acetate (affinity: -7.87 kcal/mol) showed the highest potential to bind with the CviR and LasR protein, respectively, as evident from the in-silico molecular docking experiment. The findings of this endeavour highlight the promising role of Piper betle L. as a source of natural compounds with anti-quorum sensing properties against pathogenic bacteria, opening avenues for developing novel therapeutic agents to combat bacterial infections.
菝葜叶，又名槟榔叶，具有巨大的药用特性。它具有强大的抗菌功效，可以成为对抗耐药微生物的有力工具。群体感应（QS）抑制是对抗耐药性的最佳策略之一。本研究调查了菝葜叶提取物对两种细菌，即变色杆菌（Chromobacterium violaceum）和铜绿假单胞菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa）的抗群体感应和生物膜抑制潜力。提取物在变色杆菌（CV026）的生物传感器菌株中产生了大量的 QS 抑制带，表明它干扰了群体感应信号。结果表明，在亚最小抑菌浓度下，提取物和抗生素四环素显著抑制了生物膜的形成以及两种细菌的不同 QS 调节毒力因子（变色素、胞外多糖、绿脓菌素、吡咯菌素、弹性蛋白酶）的形成。定量实时 PCR（qRT-PCR）显示，在 C. violaceum（cviI、cviR 和 vioA）和 P. aeruginosa（lasI、lasR、lasB、rhlI、rhlR 和 rhlA）菌株中，不同 QS 相关基因的表达水平在处理后降低。气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析鉴定出提取物中的主要化合物为 chavicol 和 eugenol 的衍生物。在这些化合物中，醋酸 chavicol（亲和力：-7.00 kcal/mol）和醋酸乙酰氧基 chavicol（亲和力：-7.87 kcal/mol）分别与 CviR 和 LasR 蛋白的结合能力最强，这从计算机分子对接实验中可以明显看出。这项研究的结果强调了菝葜作为具有抗群体感应特性的天然化合物来源的潜力，可以开发新型治疗剂来对抗细菌感染。
