Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CiPharma), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Departamento de Análises Clínicas (DEACL), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2024 Oct 15;981:176907. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176907. Epub 2024 Aug 16.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have a high mortality rate, and despite the several available therapeutic targets, non-response to antihypertensives remains a common problem. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are important classes of drugs recommended as first-line therapy for several CVDs. However, response to ACEIs and ARBs varies among treated patients. Pharmacogenomics assesses how an individual's genetic characteristics affect their likely response to drug therapy. Currently, numerous studies suggest that genetic polymorphisms may contribute to variability in drug response. Moreover, further studies evaluating gene-gene interactions within signaling pathways in response to antihypertensives might help to unravel potential genetic predictors for antihypertensive response. This review summarizes the pharmacogenetic data for ACEIs and ARBs in patients with CVD, and discusses the potential pharmacogenetics of these classes of antihypertensives in clinical practice. However, replication studies in different populations are needed. In addition, studies that evaluate gene-gene interactions that share signaling pathways in the response to antihypertensive drugs might facilitate the discovery of genetic predictors for antihypertensive response.
心血管疾病（CVDs）死亡率高，尽管有几种治疗靶点，但抗高血压药物治疗无反应仍然是一个常见问题。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（ACEIs）和血管紧张素受体阻滞剂（ARBs）是推荐用于多种 CVDs 的一线治疗的重要药物类别。然而，ACEIs 和 ARBs 的治疗反应在接受治疗的患者中存在差异。药物基因组学评估个体的遗传特征如何影响其对药物治疗的可能反应。目前，许多研究表明，遗传多态性可能导致药物反应的变异性。此外，进一步评估信号通路中基因-基因相互作用对降压药反应的研究可能有助于揭示潜在的降压反应遗传预测因子。这篇综述总结了 CVD 患者中 ACEIs 和 ARBs 的药物遗传学数据，并讨论了这些类降压药在临床实践中的潜在药物遗传学。然而，需要在不同人群中进行复制研究。此外，评估在降压药物反应中共享信号通路的基因-基因相互作用的研究可能有助于发现降压反应的遗传预测因子。
