Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Genômica, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Oct 15;359:124752. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124752. Epub 2024 Aug 17.
The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the significance of omics technology and Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for epidemic preparedness. This study investigates the virosphere in wastewater samples from Natal (Brazil), aiming to understand its structure, relationships, and potential. Metaviromic analysis was used on DNA and RNA from weekly samples collected over a year (June/2021 to May/2022) from three wastewater treatment plants. The virosphere showed stability, particularly in viruses infecting microorganisms and plants. However, an alternation of representatives of viruses that infect animals has been observed. Among the most abundant viruses infecting microorganisms are genera associated with the bacterial genera Escherichia, Pseudomonas, and Caulobacte. Regarding the viruses infecting plants, Sobemovirus and Tobamovirus are the most abundant genera. Odontoglossum ringspot virus was identified as a possible RNA virus biomarker. Among DNA viruses infecting animals, genera Bocaparvovirus and Mastadenovirus are the most prevalent. Intriguingly, some Poxviridae family members were observed in the samples. Co-occurrence network analysis identified potential biomarkers like Volepox virus, Anatid herpesvirus 1, and Caviid herpesvirus 2. Among RNA viruses affecting animals, Mamastrovirus, Rotavirus, and Norovirus genera were the most abundant pathogens. Furthermore, members of the Coronaviridae family exhibited a high degree of centrality values in the co-occurrence network, even connecting with unclassified viruses. The study emphasizes the importance of research in understanding the roles of unclassified viruses. In addition, we observed an association between Coronaviridae reads, rainfall, and the number of reported COVID-19 cases. Our study highlights the diversity and complexity of the viral community in wastewater and the need for research to understand better the ecological roles unclassified viruses play. Such advances will significantly contribute to our preparedness and response to future viral threats. Furthermore, our study contributes to knowledge of virosphere dynamics, offering insights that can contribute to the direction of future public health policies and interventions.
新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情凸显了组学技术和基于污水的流行病学在疫情准备中的重要性。本研究调查了巴西纳塔尔的污水样本中的病毒组，旨在了解其结构、关系和潜力。使用每周从三个污水处理厂采集的 DNA 和 RNA 样本（2021 年 6 月至 2022 年 5 月）进行了代谢组学分析。病毒组表现出稳定性，特别是在感染微生物和植物的病毒中。然而，观察到感染动物的病毒代表发生了交替。在感染微生物的最丰富的病毒中，有与细菌属 Escherichia、Pseudomonas 和 Caulobacte 相关的属。在感染植物的病毒中，Sobemovirus 和 Tobamovirus 是最丰富的属。发现 Odontoglossum 环斑病毒是一种可能的 RNA 病毒生物标志物。在感染动物的 DNA 病毒中，Bocaparvovirus 和 Mastadenovirus 是最普遍的属。有趣的是，在样本中观察到一些痘病毒科的成员。共现网络分析确定了一些潜在的生物标志物，如 Volepox 病毒、鸭疱疹病毒 1 和 Caviid 疱疹病毒 2。在影响动物的 RNA 病毒中，Mamastrovirus、Rotavirus 和 Norovirus 是最丰富的病原体。此外，冠状病毒科的成员在共现网络中表现出高度的中心度值，甚至与未分类的病毒相连。该研究强调了研究未分类病毒作用的重要性。此外，我们观察到冠状病毒科读数与降雨量和报告的 COVID-19 病例数之间存在关联。我们的研究强调了污水中病毒群落的多样性和复杂性，需要进一步研究以更好地了解未分类病毒的生态作用。这些进展将对我们应对未来病毒威胁的准备和反应做出重大贡献。此外，我们的研究有助于了解病毒组动态，提供的见解可以为未来的公共卫生政策和干预措施提供方向。
