Cuperlovic-Culf Miroslava, Bennett Steffany A L, Galipeau Yannick, McCluskie Pauline S, Arnold Corey, Bagheri Salman, Cooper Curtis L, Langlois Marc-André, Fritz Jörg H, Piccirillo Ciriaco A, Crawley Angela M
Digital Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
iScience. 2024 Jul 10;27(8):110484. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110484. eCollection 2024 Aug 16.
Prevention of negative COVID-19 infection outcomes is associated with the quality of antibody responses, whose variance by age and sex is poorly understood. Network approaches identified sex and age effects in antibody responses and neutralization potential of infection and vaccination throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Neutralization values followed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific receptor binding immunoglobulin G (RIgG), spike immunoglobulin G (SIgG) and spike and receptor immunoglobulin G (S, and RIgA) levels based on COVID-19 status. Serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody titers correlated with neutralization only in females 40-60 years old (y.o.). Network analysis found males could improve IgA responses after vaccination dose 2. Complex correlation analyses found vaccination induced less antibody isotype switching and neutralization in older persons, especially in females. Sex-dependent antibody and neutralization decayed the fastest in older males. Shown sex and age characterization can direct studies integrating cell-mediated responses to define yet elusive correlates of protection and inform age and sex precision-focused vaccine design.
预防新冠病毒感染的不良后果与抗体反应的质量相关，而人们对其在年龄和性别上的差异了解甚少。网络分析方法确定了在整个新冠疫情期间，抗体反应以及感染和疫苗接种后的中和潜力存在性别和年龄效应。中和值遵循基于新冠病毒感染状态的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）特异性受体结合免疫球蛋白G（RIgG）、刺突免疫球蛋白G（SIgG）以及刺突和受体免疫球蛋白G（S和RIgA）水平。血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）抗体滴度仅在40至60岁的女性中与中和作用相关。网络分析发现，男性在接种第二剂疫苗后可改善IgA反应。复杂的相关性分析发现，疫苗接种在老年人中诱导的抗体亚型转换和中和作用较少，尤其是在女性中。性别依赖性抗体和中和作用在老年男性中衰减最快。所显示的性别和年龄特征可指导整合细胞介导反应的研究，以确定尚未明确的保护相关因素，并为以年龄和性别精准为重点的疫苗设计提供信息。
