Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy.
EBioMedicine. 2022 Mar;77:103888. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103888. Epub 2022 Feb 20.
Currently, evaluation of the IgG antibodies specific for the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein following vaccination is used worldwide to estimate vaccine response. Limited data are available on vaccine-elicited IgM antibodies and their potential implication in immunity to SARS-CoV-2.
We performed a longitudinal study to quantify anti-S SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM (IgG-S and IgM-S) in health care worker (HCW) recipients of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Samples were collected before administration (T0), at the second dose (T1) and three weeks after T1 (T2). The cohort included 1584 immunologically naïve to SARS-CoV-2 (IN) and 289 with history of previous infection (PI).
IN showed three patterns of responses: (a) IgG positive/IgM negative (36.1%), (b) coordinated IgM-S/IgG-S responses appearing at T1 (37.4%) and (c) IgM appearing after IgG (26.3%). Coordinated IgM-S/IgG-S responses were associated with higher IgG titres. In IgM-S positive PI, 64.5% were IgM-S positive before vaccination, whereas 32% and 3.5% developed IgM-S after the first and second vaccine dose, respectively. IgM-S positive sera had higher pseudovirus neutralization titres compared to the IgM-S negative.
Coordinated expression of IgG-S and IgM-S after vaccination was associated with a significantly more efficient response in both antibody levels and virus-neutralizing activity. The unconventional IgG-S positive/IgM-S negative responses may suggest a recruitment of cross coronaviruses immunity by vaccination, warranting further investigation.
Italian Ministry of Health under "Fondi Ricerca Corrente"- L1P5 and "Progetto Ricerca Finalizzata COVID-2020-12371675"; FUR 2020 Department of Excellence 2018-2022, MIUR, Italy; The Brain Research Foundation Verona.
目前，全球范围内评估接种疫苗后针对 SARS-CoV-2 刺突蛋白的 IgG 抗体，以评估疫苗反应。关于疫苗诱导的 IgM 抗体及其对 SARS-CoV-2 免疫力的潜在影响，数据有限。
我们进行了一项纵向研究，以定量测定 BNT162b2 疫苗接种的医护人员（HCW）的抗 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 和 IgM（IgG-S 和 IgM-S）。在给药前（T0）、第二剂时（T1）和 T1 后三周（T2）收集样本。该队列包括 1584 名对 SARS-CoV-2 免疫的医护人员（IN）和 289 名有既往感染史的医护人员（PI）。
IN 表现出三种反应模式：（a）IgG 阳性/IgM 阴性（36.1%）；（b）T1 时出现协调的 IgM-S/IgG-S 反应（37.4%）；（c）IgG 后出现 IgM（26.3%）。协调的 IgM-S/IgG-S 反应与更高的 IgG 滴度相关。在 IgM-S 阳性的 PI 中，64.5%在接种疫苗前 IgM-S 阳性，而 32%和 3.5%分别在第一和第二剂疫苗后出现 IgM-S。与 IgM-S 阴性相比，IgM-S 阳性血清具有更高的假病毒中和滴度。
接种疫苗后 IgG-S 和 IgM-S 的协调表达与抗体水平和病毒中和活性的显著更有效的反应相关。非传统的 IgG-S 阳性/IgM-S 阴性反应可能表明疫苗接种引起了对交叉冠状病毒的免疫反应，值得进一步研究。
意大利卫生部在“Fondi Ricerca Corrente”-L1P5 和“Progetto Ricerca Finalizzata COVID-2020-12371675”下；FUR 2020 卓越部门 2018-2022 年，意大利教育、大学与研究部；意大利维罗纳脑研究基金会。
