• 文献检索
  • 文档翻译
  • 深度研究
  • 学术资讯
  • Suppr Zotero 插件Zotero 插件
  • 邀请有礼
  • 套餐&价格
  • 历史记录
应用&插件
Suppr Zotero 插件Zotero 插件浏览器插件Mac 客户端Windows 客户端微信小程序
定价
高级版会员购买积分包购买API积分包
服务
文献检索文档翻译深度研究API 文档MCP 服务
关于我们
关于 Suppr公司介绍联系我们用户协议隐私条款
关注我们

Suppr 超能文献

核心技术专利：CN118964589B侵权必究
粤ICP备2023148730 号-1Suppr @ 2026

文献检索

告别复杂PubMed语法，用中文像聊天一样搜索，搜遍4000万医学文献。AI智能推荐，让科研检索更轻松。

立即免费搜索

文件翻译

保留排版，准确专业，支持PDF/Word/PPT等文件格式，支持 12+语言互译。

免费翻译文档

深度研究

AI帮你快速写综述，25分钟生成高质量综述，智能提取关键信息，辅助科研写作。

立即免费体验

三元环的高效合成：光化学和电化学策略。

The efficient synthesis of three-membered rings photo- and electrochemical strategies.

作者信息

Han Xinyu, Zhang Na, Li Qiannan, Zhang Yu, Das Shoubhik

机构信息

Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No. 1200, Cailun Road Shanghai 201203 China

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China.

出版信息

Chem Sci. 2024 Aug 14;15(34):13576-604. doi: 10.1039/d4sc02512a.

DOI:10.1039/d4sc02512a
PMID:39156935
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11325197/
Abstract

Three-membered rings, such as epoxides, aziridines, oxaziridines, cyclopropenes, vinyloxaziridines, and azirines, are recognized as crucial pharmacophores and building blocks in organic chemistry and drug discovery. Despite the significant advances in the synthesis of these rings through photo/electrochemical methods over the past decade, there has currently been no focused discussion and updated overviews on this topic. Therefore, we presented this review article on the efficient synthesis of three-membered rings using photo- and electrochemical strategies, covering the literature since 2015. In this study, a conceptual overview and detailed discussions were provided to illustrate the advancement of this field. Moreover, a brief discussion outlines the current challenges and opportunities in synthesizing the three-membered rings using these strategies.

摘要

三元环，如环氧化物、氮丙啶、氧氮丙啶、环丙烯、乙烯基氧氮丙啶和氮杂环丙烯，被认为是有机化学和药物发现中至关重要的药效基团和结构单元。尽管在过去十年中通过光/电化学方法合成这些环取得了重大进展，但目前尚未有关于该主题的集中讨论和最新综述。因此，我们发表了这篇综述文章，介绍了使用光化学和电化学策略高效合成三元环的方法，涵盖了2015年以来的文献。在本研究中，提供了概念性概述和详细讨论，以说明该领域的进展。此外，还简要讨论了使用这些策略合成三元环目前面临的挑战和机遇。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/96089d2f6279/d4sc02512a-s14.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/3c205eef2ea8/d4sc02512a-f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/81b904ca2ecf/d4sc02512a-f2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/4793e8f3c856/d4sc02512a-s1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/206484411e2e/d4sc02512a-s2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/1dcb475d2d81/d4sc02512a-s3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/0d95f8d70333/d4sc02512a-s4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/9fad1e60f0f7/d4sc02512a-s5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/9acc6ab763dd/d4sc02512a-s6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/eae3c7b71bc3/d4sc02512a-s7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/bb3359c2cd97/d4sc02512a-s8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/5db14da0e4da/d4sc02512a-s9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/9ac6da894dd3/d4sc02512a-s10.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/48efaece9e80/d4sc02512a-s11.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/c42416fed4f9/d4sc02512a-s12.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/4e33b60489be/d4sc02512a-s13.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/96089d2f6279/d4sc02512a-s14.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/3c205eef2ea8/d4sc02512a-f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/81b904ca2ecf/d4sc02512a-f2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/4793e8f3c856/d4sc02512a-s1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/206484411e2e/d4sc02512a-s2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/1dcb475d2d81/d4sc02512a-s3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/0d95f8d70333/d4sc02512a-s4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/9fad1e60f0f7/d4sc02512a-s5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/9acc6ab763dd/d4sc02512a-s6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/eae3c7b71bc3/d4sc02512a-s7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/bb3359c2cd97/d4sc02512a-s8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/5db14da0e4da/d4sc02512a-s9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/9ac6da894dd3/d4sc02512a-s10.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/48efaece9e80/d4sc02512a-s11.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/c42416fed4f9/d4sc02512a-s12.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/4e33b60489be/d4sc02512a-s13.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b74a/11351785/96089d2f6279/d4sc02512a-s14.jpg

相似文献

1
The efficient synthesis of three-membered rings photo- and electrochemical strategies.三元环的高效合成：光化学和电化学策略。
Chem Sci. 2024 Aug 14;15(34):13576-604. doi: 10.1039/d4sc02512a.
2
Synthesis of Fluoro-, Monofluoromethyl-, Difluoromethyl-, and Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Three-Membered Rings.氟代、单氟甲基代、二氟甲基代和三氟甲基代的三元环的合成。
Chemistry. 2021 Feb 10;27(9):2935-2962. doi: 10.1002/chem.202003822. Epub 2020 Dec 8.
3
Construction of heterocyclic rings from cyclopropenes.从环丙烯构建杂环环系。
Org Biomol Chem. 2022 May 18;20(19):3847-3869. doi: 10.1039/d1ob02450g.
4
Electrochemical Synthesis and Reactivity of Three-Membered Strained Carbo- and Heterocycles.三元张力碳环和杂环的电化学合成及反应活性
Chemistry. 2023 Oct 13;29(57):e202301594. doi: 10.1002/chem.202301594. Epub 2023 Sep 4.
5
A Brief Review on the Synthesis of the -CF Motif in Heterocycles.杂环中环-CF 基的合成研究进展简述。
Molecules. 2023 Mar 28;28(7):3012. doi: 10.3390/molecules28073012.
6
Macromolecular crowding: chemistry and physics meet biology (Ascona, Switzerland, 10-14 June 2012).大分子拥挤现象：化学与物理邂逅生物学（瑞士阿斯科纳，2012年6月10日至14日）
Phys Biol. 2013 Aug;10(4):040301. doi: 10.1088/1478-3975/10/4/040301. Epub 2013 Aug 2.
7
Three-Membered Aluminacycles.三环铝化合物。
J Am Chem Soc. 2023 Jun 21;145(24):12967-12986. doi: 10.1021/jacs.3c03152. Epub 2023 Jun 8.
8
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Cycloaddition Reactions to Access Seven-Membered Rings.过渡金属催化的环加成反应构建七元环。
Chemistry. 2020 Dec 1;26(67):15354-15377. doi: 10.1002/chem.202002713. Epub 2020 Oct 22.
9
Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Small Rings.金催化的小环合成。
Chem Rev. 2021 Jul 28;121(14):8613-8684. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00697. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
10
Beyond Strain Release: Delocalization-Enabled Organic Reactivity.超越应变释放：离域作用引发的有机反应活性。
J Org Chem. 2024 Jul 19;89(14):9979-9989. doi: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00857. Epub 2024 Jul 6.

引用本文的文献

1
Synthesis of -di(boryl)cyclopropanes from non-activated olefins Mn-photocatalyzed atom transfer radical addition.由非活化烯烃合成 - 二（硼基）环丙烷：锰光催化原子转移自由基加成反应
Chem Sci. 2025 May 12. doi: 10.1039/d5sc02670a.
2
Electron donor-acceptor complex-driven photocatalyst-free synthesis of nitrocyclopropanes.电子供体-受体络合物驱动的无光催化剂合成硝基环丙烷。
RSC Adv. 2025 May 8;15(19):15155-15163. doi: 10.1039/d5ra02540k. eCollection 2025 May 6.

本文引用的文献

1
Electrochemical flow aziridination of unactivated alkenes.未活化烯烃的电化学流动氮杂环丙烷化反应
Natl Sci Rev. 2023 Jul 3;10(10):nwad187. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwad187. eCollection 2023 Oct.
2
Vitamin B -Photocatalyzed Cyclopropanation of Electron-Deficient Alkenes Using Dichloromethane as the Methylene Source.维生素B——以二氯甲烷为亚甲基源对缺电子烯烃进行光催化环丙烷化反应
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2024 Jan 8;63(2):e202316064. doi: 10.1002/anie.202316064. Epub 2023 Dec 8.
3
Diastereoselective Hydroacylation of Cyclopropenes by Visible-Light Photocatalysis.
可见光光催化下环丙烯的非对映选择性氢酰化反应
Org Lett. 2023 Nov 3;25(43):7863-7867. doi: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03095. Epub 2023 Oct 26.
4
Regioselective [2 + 1] photocycloaddition of 2-pyridones with diazo compounds.2-吡啶酮与重氮化合物的区域选择性[2 + 1]光环加成反应。
Org Biomol Chem. 2023 Oct 25;21(41):8273-8278. doi: 10.1039/d3ob01354e.
5
Photogenerated donor-donor diazo compounds enable facile access to spirocyclopropanes.光生供体-供体重氮化合物可轻松合成螺环丙烷。
Chem Commun (Camb). 2023 Oct 4;59(79):11835-11838. doi: 10.1039/d3cc03581f.
6
Photosensitized O enables intermolecular alkene cyclopropanation by active methylene compounds.光敏氧可通过活性亚甲基化合物实现分子间烯烃环丙烷化反应。
Science. 2023 Aug 4;381(6657):545-553. doi: 10.1126/science.adg3209. Epub 2023 Aug 3.
7
Photocatalyzed Borylcyclopropanation of Alkenes with a (Diborylmethyl)iodide Reagent.烯烃与（二硼甲基）碘试剂的光催化硼基环丙烷化反应
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2023 Sep 18;62(38):e202305175. doi: 10.1002/anie.202305175. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
8
The Rapid Synthesis of Colibactin Warhead Model Compounds Using New Metal-Free Photocatalytic Cyclopropanation Reactions Facilitates the Investigation of Biological Mechanisms.利用新型无金属光催化环丙烷化反应快速合成大肠杆菌素弹头模型化合物有助于生物机制的研究。
Chemistry. 2023 Oct 9;29(56):e202301713. doi: 10.1002/chem.202301713. Epub 2023 Sep 7.
9
Electrochemical Synthesis and Reactivity of Three-Membered Strained Carbo- and Heterocycles.三元张力碳环和杂环的电化学合成及反应活性
Chemistry. 2023 Oct 13;29(57):e202301594. doi: 10.1002/chem.202301594. Epub 2023 Sep 4.
10
..
J Am Chem Soc. 2023 Jul 19;145(28):15611-15618. doi: 10.1021/jacs.3c05476. Epub 2023 Jul 5.