尸体人肺结节和气道中光子计数探测器CT的放射学-组织学相关性
Photon-Counting Detector CT Radiological-Histological Correlation in Cadaveric Human Lung Nodules and Airways.
作者信息
Hata Akinori, Yanagawa Masahiro, Ninomiya Keisuke, Kikuchi Noriko, Kurashige Masako, Masuda Chiaki, Yoshida Tsubasa, Nishigaki Daiki, Doi Shuhei, Yamagata Kazuki, Yoshida Yuriko, Ogawa Ryo, Tokuda Yukiko, Morii Eiichi, Tomiyama Noriyuki
机构信息
From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan (A.H., M.Y., K.N., C.M., T.Y., D.N., S.D., K.Y., Y.Y., R.O., Y.T., N.T.); Department of Radiology, Minoh City Hospital, Minoh City, Japan (N.K.); and Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan (M.K., E.M.).
出版信息
Invest Radiol. 2025 Feb 1;60(2):151-160. doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000001117. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to compare the performances of photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) and energy-integrating detector computed tomography (EID-CT) for visualizing nodules and airways in human cadaveric lungs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Previously obtained 20 cadaveric lungs were scanned, and images were prospectively acquired by EID-CT and PCD-CT at a radiation dose with a noise level equivalent to the diagnostic reference level. PCD-CT was scanned with ultra-high-resolution mode. The EID-CT images were reconstructed with a 512 matrix, 0.6-mm thickness, and a 350-mm field of view (FOV). The PCD-CT images were reconstructed at 3 settings: PCD-512: same as EID-CT; PCD-1024-FOV350: 1024 matrix, 0.2-mm thickness, 350-mm FOV; and PCD-1024-FOV50: 1024 matrix, 0.2-mm thickness, 50-mm FOV. Two specimens per lung were examined after hematoxylin and eosin staining. The CT images were evaluated for nodules on a 5-point scale and for airways on a 4-point scale to compare the histology. The Wilcoxon signed rank test with Bonferroni correction was performed for statistical analyses.
RESULTS
Sixty-seven nodules (1321 μm; interquartile range [IQR], 758-3105 μm) and 92 airways (851 μm; IQR, 514-1337 μm) were evaluated. For nodules and airways, scores decreased in order of PCD-1024-FOV50, PCD-1024-FOV350, PCD-512, and EID-CT. Significant differences were observed between series other than PCD-1024-FOV350 versus PCD-1024-FOV50 for nodules (PCD-1024-FOV350 vs PCD-1024-FOV50, P = 0.063; others P < 0.001) and between series other than EID-CT versus PCD-512 for airways (EID-CT vs PCD-512, P = 0.549; others P < 0.005). On PCD-1024-FOV50, the median size of barely detectable nodules was 604 μm (IQR, 469-756 μm) and that of barely detectable airways was 601 μm (IQR, 489-929 μm). On EID-CT, that of barely detectable nodules was 837 μm (IQR, 678-914 μm) and that of barely detectable airways was 1210 μm (IQR, 674-1435 μm).
CONCLUSIONS
PCD-CT visualized small nodules and airways better than EID-CT and improved with high spatial resolution and potentially can detect submillimeter nodules and airways.
目的
本研究旨在比较光子计数探测器计算机断层扫描（PCD-CT）和能量积分探测器计算机断层扫描（EID-CT）在可视化人体尸体肺内结节和气道方面的性能。
材料与方法
对先前获取的20具尸体肺进行扫描，通过EID-CT和PCD-CT前瞻性采集图像，辐射剂量下的噪声水平等同于诊断参考水平。PCD-CT采用超高分辨率模式进行扫描。EID-CT图像以512矩阵、0.6毫米厚度和350毫米视野（FOV）进行重建。PCD-CT图像在3种设置下重建：PCD-512：与EID-CT相同；PCD-1024-FOV350：1024矩阵、0.2毫米厚度、350毫米视野；PCD-1024-FOV50：1024矩阵、0.2毫米厚度、50毫米视野。每具肺的两个标本经苏木精和伊红染色后进行检查。对CT图像上的结节按5分制、气道按4分制进行评估，以比较组织学情况。采用经Bonferroni校正的Wilcoxon符号秩检验进行统计分析。
结果
共评估了67个结节（直径1321μm；四分位数间距[IQR]，758 - 3105μm）和92条气道（直径851μm；IQR，514 - 1337μm）。对于结节和气道，评分按PCD-1024-FOV50、PCD-1024-FOV350、PCD-512和EID-CT的顺序降低。除PCD-1024-FOV350与PCD-1024-FOV50之间对结节的比较（PCD-1024-FOV350与PCD-1024-FOV50，P = 0.063；其他P < 0.001）以及EID-CT与PCD-512之间对气道的比较（EID-CT与PCD-512，P = 0.549；其他P < 0.005）外，各系列之间均观察到显著差异。在PCD-1024-FOV50上，勉强可检测到的结节的中位大小为604μm（IQR，469 - 756μm），勉强可检测到的气道的中位大小为601μm（IQR，489 - 929μm）。在EID-CT上，勉强可检测到的结节的中位大小为837μm（IQR，678 - 914μm），勉强可检测到的气道的中位大小为1210μm（IQR，674 - 1435μm）。
结论
PCD-CT在可视化小结节和气道方面比EID-CT更好，且随着空间分辨率的提高而改善，有可能检测到亚毫米级的结节和气道。
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