ADHDcentraal, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health, Personalized Medicine, Location Academic Medical Center, The Netherlands.
J Atten Disord. 2024 Oct;28(12):1589-1597. doi: 10.1177/10870547241273152. Epub 2024 Aug 19.
This study aimed to objectively assess signs of hyperactivity in adults suspected of having ADHD, addressing potential sex bias in diagnosis.
About 13,179 (49% female) adults with an average age of 33 years with ADHD and 1,910 (41% female) adults with an average age of 36 years without ADHD were included. Motor activity was measured using the Quantified Behavioral Test, analyzing "provoked," and "basal" activity. Sex by group differences were analyzed using analysis of variance.
Results showed significant ADHD effects on the basal and provoked activity measures, while sex effects were only notable for provoked activity. Males, irrespective of diagnosis, exhibited higher provoked activity than females, while both sexes with ADHD displayed approximately twice the basal activity and about three times the provoked activity compared to their respective sex controls.
These findings suggest that females with ADHD suffer equally from hyperactivity compared to males, challenging the notion of a sex-dependent presentation of hyperactivity. This may lead to more accurate and timely diagnoses, reducing ADHD-related burdens and comorbidities in females.
本研究旨在客观评估疑似 ADHD 成人的多动迹象，解决诊断中潜在的性别偏见。
研究纳入了 13179 名（49%为女性）平均年龄为 33 岁的 ADHD 成人和 1910 名（41%为女性）平均年龄为 36 岁的非 ADHD 成人。采用量化行为测试测量运动活动，分析“诱发”和“基础”活动。采用方差分析分析组间性别差异。
结果表明，基础和诱发活动测量均存在 ADHD 显著影响，而性别影响仅在诱发活动中显著。无论诊断如何，男性的诱发活动均高于女性，而 ADHD 患者的男女两性的基础活动均约为其相应性别对照的两倍，诱发活动约为其三倍。
这些发现表明，女性 ADHD 患者的多动症状与男性患者相当，这挑战了多动症状存在性别依赖性的观点。这可能导致更准确和及时的诊断，减少女性 ADHD 患者的负担和共病。
