Sukkarieh Hatouf H, Husein Tala H, Bustami Rami T, Saleem Rimah A, Alvi Syed N, Alodaib Ali N
Department of Pharmacology, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Exp Ther Med. 2024 Aug 6;28(4):391. doi: 10.3892/etm.2024.12680. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Glipizide is an antidiabetic drug that belongs to a class of medication known as sulfonylureas. It is considered one of the highly prescribed antidiabetic drugs for the treatment of type II diabetes in patients following a kidney transplant. It lowers blood glucose levels by causing the release of insulin from β-cells in the pancreas. Its main metabolizing pathway is through the liver. It has several adverse effects, which range from an upset stomach to glipizide-induced haemolytic anaemia and hypoglycaemia. These adverse effects may be spontaneous, or they could have a genetic cause. The present study aimed to assess and document the incidence of glipizide-induced adverse reactions among patients prescribed the drug. The present retrospective case-control study used the electronic medical records of patients prescribed glipizide for the past 3 years. These records were reviewed to extract and document cases and/or signs of glipizide-induced adverse reactions. The results revealed that the incidence of adverse effects was higher among female patients (odds ratio, 2.40, P<0.001). Moreover, the results revealed that the likelihood of developing adverse drug reactions among patients <40 years of age was higher than in older patients (P>0.05). The outcomes of the present study are expected to prompt future studies to take sex and age into consideration, in an aim to improve treatment outcomes, reduce adverse events and decrease the burden of unnecessary costs for healthcare systems. Recommendations also include genetic screening prior to administering the medication, educating the patients and caregivers on the possibility of adverse drug reactions, and routine follow-up. This issue is of utmost importance to achieve the optimal outcomes with the minimal detrimental effects.
格列吡嗪是一种抗糖尿病药物，属于磺脲类药物。它被认为是肾移植患者中治疗II型糖尿病时处方量很高的抗糖尿病药物之一。它通过促使胰腺β细胞释放胰岛素来降低血糖水平。其主要代谢途径是通过肝脏。它有多种不良反应，范围从胃部不适到格列吡嗪引起的溶血性贫血和低血糖。这些不良反应可能是自发的，也可能有遗传原因。本研究旨在评估并记录服用该药物的患者中格列吡嗪引起的不良反应的发生率。本项回顾性病例对照研究使用了过去3年中开具格列吡嗪处方的患者的电子病历。对这些记录进行审查，以提取并记录格列吡嗪引起的不良反应的病例和/或体征。结果显示，女性患者的不良反应发生率更高（比值比为2.40，P<0.001）。此外，结果显示，年龄<40岁的患者发生药物不良反应的可能性高于老年患者（P>0.05）。本研究的结果有望促使未来的研究考虑性别和年龄因素，以改善治疗效果、减少不良事件并降低医疗保健系统不必要的成本负担。建议还包括在给药前进行基因筛查、对患者和护理人员进行药物不良反应可能性的教育以及定期随访。为了以最小的有害影响实现最佳结果，这个问题至关重要。
