Xia Ruihong, Jiang Zhengchen, Zhou Ying, Pan Libin, Wang Yanan, Ma Yubo, Fan Lili, Yuan Li, Cheng Xiangdong
The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
J Oral Microbiol. 2024 Aug 16;16(1):2391640. doi: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2391640. eCollection 2024.
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and has a high mortality rate. However, tests for the early screening and diagnosis of gastric cancer are limited and invasive. Certain oral microorganisms are over-expressed in gastric cancer, but there is heterogeneity among different studies. Notably, each oral ecological niche harbors specific microorganisms. Among them, tongue coating, saliva, and dental plaque are important and unique ecological niches in the oral cavity. The colonization environment in different oral niches may be a source of heterogeneity. In this paper, we systematically discuss the latest developments in the field of the oral microbiota and gastric cancer and elucidate the enrichment of microorganisms in the oral ecological niches of the tongue coatings, saliva, and dental plaque in gastric cancer patients. The various potential mechanisms by which the oral microbiota induces gastric cancer (activation of an excessive inflammatory response; promotion of proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis; and secretion of carcinogens, leading to imbalance in gastric microbial communities) are explored. In this paper, we also highlight the applications of the rapeutics targeting the oral microbiota in gastric cancer and suggests future research directions related to the relationship between the oral microbiota and gastric cancer.
胃癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，死亡率很高。然而，用于胃癌早期筛查和诊断的检测方法有限且具有侵入性。某些口腔微生物在胃癌中过度表达，但不同研究之间存在异质性。值得注意的是，每个口腔生态位都有特定的微生物。其中，舌苔、唾液和牙菌斑是口腔中重要且独特的生态位。不同口腔生态位的定植环境可能是异质性的来源。在本文中，我们系统地讨论了口腔微生物群与胃癌领域的最新进展，并阐明了胃癌患者舌苔、唾液和牙菌斑等口腔生态位中微生物的富集情况。探讨了口腔微生物群诱发胃癌的各种潜在机制（过度炎症反应的激活；增殖、迁移、侵袭和转移的促进；致癌物的分泌，导致胃微生物群落失衡）。在本文中，我们还强调了针对口腔微生物群的疗法在胃癌中的应用，并提出了与口腔微生物群和胃癌关系相关的未来研究方向。
