State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Ningbo Key Laboratory of Port Biological and Food Safety Testing (Technical Centre of Ningbo Customs/Ningbo Inspection and Quarantine Science Technology Academy), No. 8, Huikang Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Oct 3;12(10):e0077824. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00778-24. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
Pinewood nematodes (PWN, ) are destructive plant parasitic nematodes that cause pine wilt disease (PWD) by attacking the vascular systems of pine trees, resulting in widespread tree mortality. Research has shown that there are connections between nematode-associated microbes and PWD. Yet the variations in microbial communities across different geographic regions are not well-understood. In this study, we examined the bacterial and fungal communities associated with nematodes and infested wood collected from 34 sites across three vegetation zones in China, as well as samples from the United States, using 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene amplicon sequencing. The predominant genera and were found in nematodes, and was present in the wood of PWD-infected pine trees across China. Network analysis revealed that core bacterial taxa belonged to the Pseudomonadota and Actinomycetota phyla for the nematodes, whereas the Pseudomonadota and Bacteroidota phyla were dominant in the infested wood. Identification of enriched key microbial taxa in nematodes and infested wood across vegetation zones indicates distinct biogeographic microbial community structures and key bacterial species. Although the nematode-associated bacterial community showed consistency across geographic distances, the similarity of the PWD pine trees' bacterial community decreased with distance, suggesting a spatial correlation with environmental variables. Our findings enhance our understanding of the microbiota associated with pinewood nematode (PWN) and offer valuable insights into PWD management.
Our research uncovered specific bacteria and fungi linked to pinewood nematode (PWN) and infested wood in three different vegetation zones in China, as well as samples from the United States. This sheds light on the critical roles of certain microbial groups, such as , and , in influencing PWN fitness. Understanding these patterns provides valuable insights into the dynamics of PWN-associated microbiomes, offering potential strategies for managing pine wilt disease (PWD). We found significant correlations between geographic distance and similarity in bacterial communities in the infested wood, indicating a spatial influence on wood-associated microbial communities due to limited dispersal and localized environmental conditions. Further investigations of these spatial patterns and driving forces are crucial for understanding the ecological processes that shape microbial communities in complex ecosystems and, ultimately, for mitigating the transmission of PWN in forests.
松材线虫（PWN， ）是一种破坏性的植物寄生线虫，通过攻击松树的维管束系统导致松材线虫萎蔫病（PWD），造成广泛的树木死亡。研究表明，线虫相关微生物与 PWD 之间存在联系。然而，不同地理区域的微生物群落的变化尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们使用 16S rRNA 和内部转录间隔区（ITS）基因扩增子测序，检查了来自中国三个植被带 34 个地点的线虫和受感染木材以及来自美国的样本中与线虫相关的细菌和真菌群落。在线虫中发现了主要属 和 ，而 存在于中国受感染的松树 PWD 木材中。网络分析显示，核心细菌类群属于线虫的假单胞菌门和放线菌门，而受感染木材中的优势菌群为假单胞菌门和拟杆菌门。不同植被带的线虫和受感染木材中丰富的关键微生物类群的鉴定表明，存在独特的生物地理微生物群落结构和关键细菌物种。尽管线虫相关细菌群落在地理距离上表现出一致性，但随着距离的增加，受感染树木的细菌群落的相似性降低，这表明与环境变量存在空间相关性。我们的研究结果增强了我们对线虫相关微生物群的理解，并为 PWD 管理提供了有价值的见解。
我们的研究揭示了与中国三个不同植被带的松材线虫（PWN）和受感染木材以及来自美国的样本相关的特定细菌和真菌。这揭示了某些微生物群体（如 、 和 ）在影响 PWN 适应性方面的关键作用。了解这些模式为研究 PWN 相关微生物组的动态提供了有价值的见解，为管理松材线虫萎蔫病（PWD）提供了潜在策略。我们发现受感染木材中细菌群落的地理距离和相似性之间存在显著相关性，这表明由于扩散受限和局部环境条件，木材相关微生物群落存在空间影响。进一步研究这些空间模式和驱动因素对于理解塑造复杂生态系统中微生物群落的生态过程至关重要，最终对于减轻森林中 PWN 的传播至关重要。
